Publications Scientifiques

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Author: search.filters.author.Jamal Haddad, Nizar

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    Sustainable beekeeping in algeria: exploring practices, challenges, and local honeybee traits for natural resource management
    (2024) Haider, Yamina; Adjlane, Noureddine; Martin, Hernande Raquel; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Khemmouli, Abdelmounaim
    Honeybees are crucial pollinators, playing a vital role in maintaining plant biodiversity and promoting a healthy natural environment. They serve as bioindicators, reflecting the state of our ecosystems. Beekeeping in Algeria faces significant challenges, particularly the devastating effects of the Varroa mite, an ectoparasite harming bee colonies. This study aimed at understanding the resilience of Mediterranean bee subspecies in the context of climate change. Conducted in 2021, a survey targeted Algerian beekeeping associations and individual beekeepers. The goal was to characterize beekeeping practices, identify key challenges, and evaluate their impact on natural resources and sustainable development. The survey reached beekeepers in 19 Algerian provinces, with a total of 200 responses analyzed. The results highlight constraints hindering beekeeping development: drought, high bee mortality, and the presence of bee diseases. These findings suggest that beekeepers who select colonies with strong overwintering and drought resistance capabilities can potentially improve honey production. The COVID-19 pandemic further impacted honey production, leading to lower yields in recent years. However, positive aspects were also identified, including beekeepers implementing good practices (queen replacement, apiary selection, transhumance) and routine Varroa mite monitoring. Strengthening the role of beekeeping associations in the field is crucial to support the sector's organization and improve its current situation, ultimately contributing to sustainable management of natural resources in Algeria.
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    Efficacy of Varroa destrcutor treatments in Algeria
    (2011) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
    Varroa destructor was registered for the first time in Algeria in 1981 through the Algerian-Tunisian border to the east. Since then Algeria has approved the use of several products to control varroa, in order to minimize the impact of this parasite on the bee colonies and honey production. This experiment was conduted in order to study current effectiveness of varroa treatments registered in Algeria,varroa resistant to these treatments ,The trials were conducted in the region of Mitidja (central Algeria) on 75 hives spread over three apiaries. All colonies where equipped with a mesh tray with insert as a diaper greased roasting for counting dead mites. The control treatment is performed with oxalic acid drip; effectiveness was measured by comparing the mites killed during the experimental treatments to mites killed during a control treatment. The results showed a variation in efficacy between the treatments used Bayvarol saves the efficiency ratio is the most important (94.33%), followed Apistan and Apivar with 87.54% and 82.67% respectively. We note a decrease in the efficiency of these products, tests for resistance in vitro are needed to confirm this decline and to detect possible problem of resistance. Natural treatments based on thymol record the lowest with 79.34% for and 72.65% for Thymovar and Apigaurd. Thymol as Apiguard and Thymovar can be regarded as complementary therapies to be integrated into a control program because the success rate is low and thus the beekeeper is required to use an alternative treatment. The information obtained from this study concerning drug efficacy and resistance acaricides are essential for defining the control strategies adapted to the therapeutic treatment of Varroa disease in Algeria.
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    Situation de l'apiculture en Algérie : facteurs menaçant la survie des colonies d'abeilles locales Apis mellifera intermissa
    (John Libbey Eurotext, 2012) Adjlane, Noureddine; Doumandji, Salah-Eddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
    Les abeilles, en plus de leur production de miel, assurent la pollinisation des arbres fruitierset des autres cultures entomophiles. Toute menace sur ces insectes, qu’elle provienne despesticides, des herbicides ou de maladies, a donc des conse ́quences lourdes nonseulement pour l’apiculture, mais aussi pour l’agriculture en ge ́ne ́ral. Depuis plusieursanne ́es, nombreux sont les apiculteurs en Alge ́rie qui ont signale ́des mortalite ́s dans leursruchers. A`l’heure actuelle, nous manquons de donne ́es pre ́cises sur les causes de cesmortalite ́s. Dans le but d’apporter des e ́le ́ments de re ́ponse a`cette question, nous avonseffectue ́une e ́tude de terrain aupre`s des apiculteurs de la re ́gion me ́dioseptentrionale del’Alge ́rie. Cette e ́tude est comple ́te ́e par des informations e ́manant des coope ́rativesapicoles, de l’Institut technique des e ́levages et de la direction des services ve ́te ́rinaires duministe`re de l’Agriculture, ainsi que des laboratoires re ́gionaux de la me ́decine ve ́te ́rinaire.L’analyse des re ́sultats a mis en e ́vidence le roˆle des principales pathologies apicoles, enparticulier leVarroaet les intoxications des abeilles par les traitements insecticides, ainsiqu’une de ́gradation de l’e ́cosyste`me (diminution de la flore mellife`re) et l’influence duchangement climatique. Tous ces e ́le ́ments menacent l’abeille locale et influentne ́gativement sur la production de miel.
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    Evaluation of the efficacy of different acaricides again st Varroa destructor on Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria
    (2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; El-ouness, Tarek
    Varroa mite has become a major concern of beekeepers in Algeria since the discovery of the first cases of infestation in the year 1982. The objective of this study was to test different registered chemicals aside with those prepared by beekeepers. The experiment was conducted on 50 Apis meliffera intermissa colonies in a commercial apiary and kept in standard Langstroth hives. Among the products which are approved in Algeria and tested in our experiment are Bayvarol which recorded the highest efficiency rate (91.62%), followed by Apivar (86.50%) and then Apistan (77.75%). Traditional preparations treatments had very low efficiency where it was only: 39.37% for amitraz and 44.21% for tau-fluvalinate (Mavrik). Our study showed a reduction in the efficiency of commercial products (Apistan, Bayvarol and Apivar) and a very low efficiency for amitraz and Mavrik. Such results prove the high demand of searching for more effective treatments against Varroa
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    Varroa destructor resistance to fluvalinate in Algeria
    (2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Doumandji, Salaheddine
    Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman, is considered as a major problem for the beekeeping sector, not only for Apis mellifera L. in Algeria but also worldwide. In cases of no control it can cause severe problems that may end in the death of honeybee colonies. Fluvalinate is the predominant compound used in Algeria to control V. destructor, its constant application has caused the appearance of resistant mite populations to this product in several parts of the world. This study was conducted to detect the possible existence of populations of resistant mites to fluvalinate in the area north-center of Algeria. To determine the mites mortality percentage to the fluvalinate, they were exposed to strips of 2.5 x 1.0 cm. Varroa mortality in apiaries treated with fluvalinate was 41.23%, lower than the 81.51% mortality obtained in apiaries that only received an alternative treatment. A significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between two mortality of Varroa. These results show for the first time the existence of Varroa destructor populations resistant to fluvalinate in Algeria. These results are essential for beekeeping sector not only in Algeria but also in Africa since very little data is available on this issue in the northern parts of Africa.
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    The first data on hygienic behavior of Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria
    (2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
    Hygienic behavior is considered as an important factor in selection programs of resistance honey bee mite to Varroa destructor, the objective of this study was to evaluate this behavior Apis mellifera intermissa, the local honey bee race of Algeria. The study was performed on 40 colonies in spring and fall. The results had show a variation in the removal rate of dead brood where it was 91 .56% in spring and, 83.55% in autumn. This is the first test of hygienic behavior in Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria. We can conclude, that the Algerian local bees are characterized by a good cleaning ability.
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    Note scientifique sur les effets secondaires de l’acide oxalique sur l’abeille ouvrière (Apis mellifera ) : aspect biochimique (Scientific note on side effects of oxalic acid on the worker bee (Apis mellifera): biochemical aspect)
    (2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Chahbar, N.; Maidi, A.; Doumandji, S.; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
    L’acide oxalique est un moyen de lutte alternative contre la varroase. Cette pathologie causée par l’acarien Varroa destructor est considérée comme l’une des pathologies les plus dangereuses de l’abeille domestique. L’acide oxalique constitue un des moyens de lutte efficace contre cette pathologie, mais il provoque un affaiblissement des colonies d’abeilles. Dans le but d’expliquer les causes de cet affaiblissement, nous proposons cette étude qui a pour objectif de déterminer les effets de l’acide oxalique sur l’aspect biochimique de l’abeille Apis mellifera, en étudiant les variations de la teneur en différents métabolites du corps et de l’hémolymphe (protéines, lipides et glucides). Le traitement à l’acide oxalique perturbe le métabolisme de l’abeille, les résultats obtenus montrent qu’il provoque une chute de la teneur en glucides et des lipides et une augmentation du taux de protéines dans le corps et l’hémolymphe. Ces résultats peuvent expliquer les cas d’affaiblissements enregistrés par les apiculteurs après l’application de ce traitement.
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    Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Some Samples of Honey Produced by Beekeepers In Algeria
    (De Gruyter Open Sp. z o.o., 2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Kesraoui, Saida; Laid Ameur, Karima; Moussaoui, Djamila
    This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of 11 samples of locally produced honey harvested from bee colonies across different regions of Algeria. Honeys analyzed are characterized by their different floral origins. Want germs are total aerobic mesophilic flora, total coliforms, anaerobic bacteria Sulfito-Drive (clostridium), yeasts and moulds. Water content, pH, the concentration of hydroxymethylfurfural and sucrose content were also measured. For the physicochemical properties, most of the samples meet the requirements of Codex Alimentarius. Microbiological results showed that there is heterogeneity in the load of microorganisms sampled. Honeys have a low microbial profile. Total coliforms and clostridium were not detected in any sample. For counting the total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF), two local and imported samples have a concentration greater than the standard TAMF. Yeasts and moulds were also present but at low levels, and figures in all but three samples were below the norm
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    Recherche de paenibacillus larvaedans differents composants de la ruche
    (Oujda, Morocco : Université Mohammed Premier, Faculte des Sciences, 2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Kechih, S.
    Dans le secteur apicole, cinq maladies ou organismes nuisibles sont sujets à déclaration obligatoire en Algérie : la varroase, les loques (américaine et européenne), la nosémose et l’acariose des abeilles. Bien que Paenibacilluslarva e constitue une des plus graves affections bactériennes du couvain, peu de données sont actuellement disponibles sur les méthodes de détection de la loque américaine en Algérie. La présente étude vise à comparer entre les méthodes de recherche de cette bactérie dans les différents produits et échantillons de la ruche. Les méthodes de détection sur les abeilles et dans le miel constituent les techniques les plus efficaces pour le diagnostic de la pathologie. Nos résultats ont montré que même en absence de symptômes, 20% de la loque américaine a été détectée dans le miel, et 10% dans les abeilles et les débris de la ruche.