Publications Scientifiques

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Author: search.filters.author.Khedidji, HassibaSubject: search.filters.subject.Hypopharyngeal glands

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    Effect of heat stress on Apis mellifera intermissa and Apis mellifera sahariensis in laboratory controlled conditions: a physiological approach
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Khedidji, Hassiba; Chellali, Meriem; Cherrered, Nawel; Ghaffar, Intissar; Ladjali-Mohammedi, Kafia; Mohammedi, Arezki
    The effects of heat on honey bees have received attention in many subspecies. Nevertheless, some subspecies still remain unexplored. In this study, we investigate for the first time the effect of heat on two subspecies of honey bees endemic to Algeria, Apis mellifera intermissa which is adapted to the Mediterranean climate and Apis mellifera sahariensis, which is adapted to the hot climate of southwest Algeria. We tested the hypothesis that sahariensis is more tolerant to heat stress than intermissa. In two in-vitro tests, we reared workers of both subspecies at 4 temperatures (34 °C, 38 °C, 39 °C, and 40 °C). Then, we determined the hemolymph protein (HP) concentration, hypopharyngeal gland development (HPG), ovary development and survival. We found that the sahariensis had HPG more developed and less affected by heat than intermissa. Conversely, although intermissa had more (HP) at 34 °C, we found a significant increase in (HP) at 38 °C, 39 C° and 40 °C in intermissa than sahariensis. Although ovary development is greater in intermissa than sahariensis at 34 °C and greater at 34 °C than 38 °C, 39 °C and 40 °C, we did not record differences in ovary development between the subspecies at 38 °C, 39 °C, and 40 °C. Finally, in all conditions, sahariensis had a higher survival than intermissa.
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    Effects of pollen deprivation in groups of tellian (Apis mellifera intermissa) and saharan (Apis mellifera sahariensis) honey bees under controlled conditions
    (MDPI, 2022) Khedidji, Hassiba; Abderrahmani, Khaled; Oulebsir-Mohandkaci, Hakima; Ladjali-Mohammedi, Kafia; Mohammedi, Arezki
    Worldwide, honey bees are increasingly faced with periods of pollen scarcity, which can lead to nutritional deficiencies, especially of proteins and amino acids. These are essential for the proper functioning of the single organism and the colony. To understand how bees react to protein deficiency, under controlled conditions, we studied the effect of pollen deficiency on the main physiological parameters in two subspecies endemic of Algeria, Apis mellifera intermissa and Apismellifera sahariensis. Emerging workers of both subspecies were reared with two diets: one was pollen-fed, whereas the other pollen-deprived. Several physiological criteria were measured depending on the type of diet and subspecies: the survival of the bees, the amount of total protein in the hemolymph, hypopharyngeal glands development and the ovary development of workers. These last three parameters were assessed at three different ages (7, 14 and 21 days). At birth, sahariensis workers weighed more than intermissa. With the same protein diet, the average life expectancy of sahariensis was extended by 5.55 days compared to intermissa. Even if deprived of pollen, sahariensis lived longer than intermissa fed with pollen (p < 0.001). In the three age levels, the hypopharyngeal glands were more developed and less affected by pollen deficiency (p < 0.001) in sahariensis than in intermissa (p < 0.001). The total hemolymph protein was higher in intermissa than in sahariensis regardless of the diet, and was also higher in protein-fed than in deprived bees (p < 0.001). The ovaries developed more rapidly with a high proportion in intermissa than in sahariensis (p < 0.05) regardless of the diet, and was also higher in the bees fed with pollen than those deprived (p < 0.05). Pollen deficiency generates physiological alterations and modifications, the amplitude of which varied according to the subspecies of the bee studied