Ahriche, AimadKidouche, MadjidIdir, AbdelhakimDeia, Yacine2018-04-182018-04-1820160035-4066https://dspace.univ-boumerdes.dz/handle/123456789/4715enSliding mode observer (SMO)Lyapunov stability-criterionSpeed-sensorless ac-drivesInduction motor (IM)Direct torque control (DTC)Combining sliding mode and second lyapunov function for flux estimationArticle