Browsing by Author "Adjlane, Noureddine"

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Association of oxalic and lactic acid for varroa control in Algeria August 2010
(2010) Adjlane, Noureddine
Today, the chemical control of Varroa with pyrethroids is difficult, as they are no longer effective. Thus, it is interesting to use natural products such as organic acids. Oxalic and lactic acid were used for the first time in Algeria on 30 colonies of Apis mellifera intermissa in Langstroth hives: A. 45 g of oxalic acid dehydrate dissolved 1 litre 50 % sucrose syrup B. 30 g of oxalic acid dehydrate dissolved 1 litre 50 % sucrose syrup C. Two applications with 5 ml 15 % lactic acid carried out by pouring the acid between the frames, with a 7 day interval Dead Varroa were counted during the trial period by means of greased bottom inserts covering the hive bottom two weeks after the use of the organic acids. The efficacy of the oxalic lactic acid depends on the presence of brood at the time of the treatment. Following efficacies were measured: Application A.: 82.6 %, application B: 65.5% and application C: 75.23 %. Organic acids must be considered as products for integrated Varroa control in Algeria
Atypical viral and parasitic pattern in Algerian honey bee subspecies Apis mellifera intermissa and A. m. sahariensis
(Springer Verlag, 2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Dainat, Benjamin; Gauthier, Laurent; Dietemann, Vincent
Unusually high losses of honey bee colonies are reported in many regions of the world, but little data isavailable concerning the status of honey bee stocks in Africa. However, the situation on this continent, wherebeekeeping is weakly developed and where the wild population of the pollinator remains large, can give us an insighton the causes of increased mortalities elsewhere. In this study, we evaluate the health status ofApis melliferaintermissaandA. m. sahariensispopulations inhabiting the north and the south of Algeria, respectively. We reportfew colony losses associated with an atypical pattern of prevalence for common honey bee parasites and pathogens.The presence or absence of these risk factors is discussed in relation to the occurrence of local and global colonylosses to contribute to our understanding of how honey bee pathogens and parasite impact this pollinator’s health
A bibliographic review on the most dangerous diseases of the honey bee
(2017) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
Honey Bees, in addition to their production of honey, pollinate fruit trees and other crops to flowers. Any threat to bees, whether from herbicides, pesticides, diseases or parasites is fraught with consequences not only for the bee, but also for agriculture in general.Numerous reports and studies have reported recent deaths and massive loss of bee colonies (Colony Collapse Discorder). The health of bees is one of the factors that causes this phenomena. The purpose of this article is to review a recent literature on major diseases of bees in different stages of their development.The study presents a synthesis on the main diseases: varroasis and acariosis, American and European foulbrood and viruses. All these pathologies have a negative influence on the colonies, causing symptoms and a decrease in production and mortality
Comparative Study Between Techniques for the Diagnosis of American Foulbrood (Paenibacillus larvae) in Honeybee Colony
(Medwell Online, 2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Kechih, Saliha Bounar
American foulbrood is a bacterial disease caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae and is the most dangerous disease of the honeybee. The objective of this study is to compare the methods of detection of this bacterium in different products and samples from the hive. The samples of honey bees, wax, pollen and debris were taken from the hive during Spring period of 2013. Different microbiological methods were used for detection of the bacteria. MYPGP the culture medium is used during all the identifications of the bacterium. The results show that the diagnosis of the disease is more effective in samples of honey and bees than the detection of the bacteria in the wax, pollen and debris from the hive. Even in the absence of symptoms of the disease, the bacteria can be detected in honey or bees
Complete mitochondrial genome of the Algerian honeybee, Apis mellifera intermissa (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
(Taylor and Francis Online, 2016) Hu, Peng; Lu, Zhi-Xiang; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Adjlane, Noureddine; Loucif-Ayad, Wahida; Yong-Zhi, Wang; Zhang, Ai-Ling
In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Algerian honeybee,Apismellifera intermissa, is analyzed for the first time. The results show that this genome is 16,336 bpin length, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNAgenes, and 1 control region (D-loop). The overall base composition is A (43.2%), C (9.8%),G (5.6%), and T (41.4%), so the percentage of A and T (84.6%) is considerably higher than that ofG and C. All the genes are encoded on H-strand, except for four subunit genes (ND1,ND4,ND4L,andND5), two rRNA genes (12Sand16S rRNA), and eight tRNA genes. The completemitochondrial genome sequence reported here would be useful for further phylogeneticanalysis and conservation genetic studies inA.m.intermissa.
Detection of deformed wing virus in the local bee colonies apis mellifera intermissa in algeria and its relationship with varroa destructor
(2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
Honeybees are threatened by over 18 viruses, nowadays deformed wing virus (DWV) is known to be one of the most prevalent virus worldwide.. This is the first study in Algeria and most North Africa region which is evaluating the prevalence of the DWV in beehives. The objective of this study is to eva-luate the impact of this virus on honey bees mortality, and its relationship to infestation with the Varroa destrutor parasitic mite. We conducted this study on an apiary located in the central region of Algeria. PCR results showed the presence of DWV in Apis mellifera intermissa honey bee colonies, where 42% of the samples are infected with the virus. We highlighted the role of V. destructor and its association with the DWV and the mortality recorded in the same apiary
Detection of paenibacillus larvae spores in honey samples from beekeepers of the central region of algeria
(Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Ameur lain, Karima; Gharabi, Nassiba; Lecksir, Nawel; Haddad, Nizar
The American foulbrood in one of the most serious diseases that may affect brood of larvae and pupae stages, which cause economic losses and biological hazards in a large beekeeping sector in several countries across the world in general and Algeria in particular. The causative agent of this disease is a bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae that target bees Apis mellifera the latter are often present in honey.The aim of this project is studying the spread of this disease in the northern region of Algeria through the analysis of honey obtained from these areas. Microbiological, microscopic and biochemical methods were used in this study. The results obtained have shown that the prevalence rate varies from region to region, several factors may explain this variation in the prevalence of the disease. The average infection rate for all regions is 32%. To prevent the spread of this disease in Algeria must be taken is mandatory and means of prevention into account.
Diagnosis of paenibacillus larvae from honeybees in Jordan according to microbiological and chemicals techniques
(Academic Journals Inc, 2015) Haddad, Nizar; Al-tellawi, Alaa; Adjlane, Noureddine; Khoury, Fares; Quddoumi, Samar
American Foulbrood Disease (AFB) is considered one of the most virulent bacterial diseases of honeybee (Apis mellifera); it has a vital negative impact on the beekeeping industry worldwide. This work includes the subsequent diagnosis including; chemical, microbiological procedure for detection of Paenibacillus larvae. During the spring and the summer of 2009, fifty-six honey and larval samples were collected from 56 inspected honeybees colonies located in 53 apiaries representing beekeeping all over Jordan. The samples were examined to assess the presence of Paenibacillus larvae in honey samples by using both chemical and microbiological methods. Honey bees field diagnosis procedures were considered to be the first diagnosis step for AFB, which can be done by the beekeepers themselves. The total of 57 (honey brood and brood nest honey) from different regions of Jordan was inspected to carry P. larvae spores with 35%. The percent referred to the ability of Jordanian beekeepers to ascertained AFB symptoms. American foulbrood exists in Jordan with different distribution depending on the environmental condition. This pathology can be best detected by isolation of Paenibacillus larvae from Brood-nest honey samples
Diagnosis of Paenibacillus larvae from Honeybees in Jordan According to Microbiological and Chemicals Techniques
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2016) Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Tellawi, A .; Adjlane, Noureddine; Khoury, Fares
American foulbrood disease (AFB) is considered one of the most virulent bacterial diseasesof honeybee (ApismelliferaLinnaeus, 1758)it has a vital negative impact on the beekeeping industry worldwide. This disease is caused by a spore forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae that affects honeybee larvae. This work includes the subsequent diagnosis including microbiological and PCR procedure for detection of P.larvae. Fifty-six honey and larval samples were collected from 56 inspected honeybee colonies located in 53 apiaries representing beekeeping all over Jordan. The samples were examined to assess the presence of Paenibacillus larvae in honey samples by using both microbiological methods and PCR techniques.Paenibacillus larvae was isolated from 41.6% samples (honey and larval) using bacteriological methods and 38.5% using PCR techniques. PCR were effectively used to amplify a specific region of the genome of P.larvae from pure culture isolates, honey and larvae samples; amplified regions include: Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC) and 35KDa Metalloprotease. The positive PCR samples were collected in Amman, Irbid, Al-Ghor, Al-Zarqa and Al-Balqa
Distribution and variability of deformed wing virusof honeybees (Apis mellifera) in the Middle East and NorthAfrica
(wiley, 2015) Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Adjlane, Noureddine; Al-Shagour, Banan; Loucif-Ayad, Wahida; El-Niweiri, Mogbel A. A.; Anaswah, Eman; Abu Hammour, Wafaa; El-Obeid, Dany; Albaba, Imad; Shebl, Mohamed; Abdulhusien, Sehen Almaleky; Nasher, Abdullah; Nagara, Walid; Bergigui, Mohamed Fouad; Ya ̃nez, Orlando; de Miranda, Joachim R.
Three hundred and eleven honeybee samples from 12 countries in the Mid-dle East and North Africa (MENA) (Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Libya, Tunisia,Algeria, Morocco, Yemen, Palestine, and Sudan) were analyzed for the presence of de-formed wing virus (DWV). The prevalence of DWV throughout the MENA region waspervasive, but variable. The highest prevalence was found in Lebanon and Syria, withprevalence dropping in Palestine, Jordan, and Egypt before increasing slightly movingwestwards to Algeria and Morocco Phylogenetic analysis of a 194 nucleotide section ofthe DWV Lp gene did not identify any significant phylogenetic resolution among thesamples, although the sequences did show consistent regional clustering, including an in-teresting geographic gradient from Morocco through North Africa to Jordan and Syria. Thesequences revealed several clear variability hotspots in the deduced amino acid sequence,which furthermore showed some patterns of regional identity. Furthermore, the sequencevariants from the Middle East and North Africa appear more numerous and diverse thanthose from Europe
Draft genome sequence of the algerian bee apis mellifera intermissa
(Elsevier, 2015) Haddad, Nizar Jamal; Loucif-Ayad, Wahida; Adjlane, Noureddine; Saini, Deepti; Manchiganti, Rushiraj; Krishnamurthy, Venkatesh; AlShagoor, Banan; Batainh, Ahmed Mahmud; Mugasimangalam, Raja
Apis mellifera intermissa is the native honeybee subspecies of Algeria. A. m. intermissa occurs in Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco, between the Atlas and the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts. This bee is very important due to its high ability to adapt to great variations in climatic conditions and due to its preferable cleaning behavior. Here we report the draft genome sequence of this honey bee, its Whole Genome Shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession JSUV00000000. The 240-Mb genome is being annotated and analyzed. Comparison with the genome of other Apis mellifera sub-species promises to yield insights into the evolution of adaptations to high temperature and resistance to Varroa parasite infestation
Dynamics of the population Varroa destructor at the Level of Local Bee Colonies Apis mellifera intermissa in the North Central of Algeria
(2019) Habbi, Cherif Assia; Adjlane, Noureddine; Medjdoub-Bensaad, Ferroudja; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
The population dynamics of the Varroa destructor mite in local bee colonies Apis mellifera intermissa was studied for about two years (March 2016 to December 2017) in the Tizi-Ouzou region in northern Algeria with a Mediterranean climate. Observations were made monthly on colonies treated against varroa mites and have not undergone any acaricide treatment. The development of varroa populations was monitored taking into account natural mortality, the rate of adult bees and brood infestation rate. Our results show that the Varroa population is very important during the first year of study at untreated colonies divided into two apiaries to register a slight decrease during the second year. In contrast, treated colonies at site 1 have a high level of infestation despite being treate d with Bayvarol® in October 2015. Our results suggest that the level of Varroa infestation in the colonies varies according to the climatic (seasonal) and internal conditions of each colony
Effect of Some Honeybee Diseases on Seasonal Mortality ofApismellifera intermissain Algeria Apiaries
(Springer, 2018) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
With a view to identify the pathogens and to establish the role of these pathogens in regulation of the density of honey bee population occurring in the apiaries of the area concerned samples of honeybee were collected from the beekeepers in some parts of central Algeria It is revealed that Nosema sp., Varroa destrutor, Peanibacillus larvae are associated with the disease manifestation in honey bees. The presence of Nosema sp., Varroa destrutor, Peanibacillus larvae was analyzed using standard OIE methods. Spores of Paenibacillus larvae were detected in 56.6 % in winter 52.32 % in spring. 29.33 % in autumn and 11.25 % in summer. Nosema infestation was recorded in 47.91 % bee individuals during spring. Varroa infestation rate was maximum 12.57 % in summer and lowest 3.44 % in spring. Analysis of data indicates that Boumerdes and Tipaza, diseases induced mortality exceeds 10 % in honeybee. There exists a significant correlation between Nosema disease and mortalities in honeybees. Seasons play significant role, irrespective of pathogens, in disease manifestation
Effectiveness of Treatments with Thymol in Controlling Varroa Destructor Parasite of The Honey Bee in Algeria
(2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Ounesse, Tarek
Varroa disease is a parasitic disease of adult bees and brood, due to a blood-sucking external parasitic mite, Varroa destructor. This is one of the most dangerous diseases in Algeria. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two treatments approved based thymol (Thymovar® and Apiguard®) in the fight against varroa in Algerian conditions and to determine the side effects of these treatments on bee colonies local Apis mellifera intermissa. The test was performed on 80 colonies with two different formulations for each treatment. As the results show in our test, a wide variation in the effectiveness between colonies is recorded for both treatments. The average efficiency for the group of colonies ½ Thymovar strap in two applications stood at 84.43%. This efficiency is lower for the group ½ straps in one application (77.23%). For Apiguard, the average efficiency is 81% for formulation 2 x 25g spaced two weeks, against a 79% rate for the formulation of 2X25 spaced one week. During our tests, with a few dead bees and nymphs found on nappies, we never recorded unusually high bee mortality. Further tests are needed to determine the optimal dose and the best time for treatment.
Efficacies of Chemical and Biological Products Employed in the Integrated Treatment of Varroa destructor in Algeria
(Indian journals, 2018) Habbi-Cherifi, A.; Adjlane, Noureddine; Medjdoub-Bensaad, F.; Haddad, N.
The fight against the Varroa destructor has become a major concern for beekeepers around the world in general and in Algeria in particular. Indeed, several related chemicals have been released to the market but the problems of efficiency and development of resistance by this parasite to some of these compounds worry beekeepers. The objective of this study was to test efficacies of several approved chemicals as well as some natural products that are based on thymol and oxalic acid in treatment of Varroa destructor. The experiment was conducted on 60 colonies of Apis meliffera intermissa in the region of Tizi- Ouzou, Algeria. Of the products approved in Algeria and tested in the present study, Bayvarol recorded the highest efficiency (94.69%), followed by Apivar (91.59%) and Apistan (76.92%). Efficiencies of the natural treatments were 93.96% for Apilife Var, 89.32% for Oxuvar, and 90.57% for Apibioxal. Our study showed a very low efficacy of Apistan, which is widely used by beekeepers, in treatment of Varroa destructor. The effectiveness of organic products in treating Varroa destructor is highly promising for integration into an alternative control strategy
Efficacy of Varroa destrcutor treatments in Algeria
(2011) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar
Varroa destructor was registered for the first time in Algeria in 1981 through the Algerian-Tunisian border to the east. Since then Algeria has approved the use of several products to control varroa, in order to minimize the impact of this parasite on the bee colonies and honey production. This experiment was conduted in order to study current effectiveness of varroa treatments registered in Algeria,varroa resistant to these treatments ,The trials were conducted in the region of Mitidja (central Algeria) on 75 hives spread over three apiaries. All colonies where equipped with a mesh tray with insert as a diaper greased roasting for counting dead mites. The control treatment is performed with oxalic acid drip; effectiveness was measured by comparing the mites killed during the experimental treatments to mites killed during a control treatment. The results showed a variation in efficacy between the treatments used Bayvarol saves the efficiency ratio is the most important (94.33%), followed Apistan and Apivar with 87.54% and 82.67% respectively. We note a decrease in the efficiency of these products, tests for resistance in vitro are needed to confirm this decline and to detect possible problem of resistance. Natural treatments based on thymol record the lowest with 79.34% for and 72.65% for Thymovar and Apigaurd. Thymol as Apiguard and Thymovar can be regarded as complementary therapies to be integrated into a control program because the success rate is low and thus the beekeeper is required to use an alternative treatment. The information obtained from this study concerning drug efficacy and resistance acaricides are essential for defining the control strategies adapted to the therapeutic treatment of Varroa disease in Algeria.
Etude de la sensibilité de la bactérie Paenibacillus larvae. agent causal de la loque américaine à l’antibiotique oxytétracycline
(Université Badji Mokhtar- Annaba” (Algeria), 2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Belkadi, Karima; Mecheri, Naima; Ridane, Hanane; Haddad, Nizar
La loque Américaine est une pathologie très grave de l’abeille mellifere Apis melliffera dans le monde et en Algérie. Elle est causée par la bactérie Paenibacillus larvae. L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer la prévalence de la loque américaine dans la région centre d’Algérie (Alger, Bouira, Blida, Boumerdès, Tizi Ouzou, Tipaza, Medea, et Ain Defla) et de déterminer l’efficacité de l’oxytétracycline contre cette pathologie au laboratoire. Des tests microbiologique, biochimique et microscopique ont été utilisés pour évaluer la prévalence de cet agent pathogène. La majorité des régions étudiées sont infestées par cette pathologie avec un taux moyen de contamination de 47,56%. Nous avons établi le profil de résistance de 15 isolats vis-à-vis l’oxytetracycline par la méthode de diffusion par disque. Le classement des diamètres d’inhibition par ordre décroissant a montré que 8 sur 15 échantillons sont résistantes. Associées à une prophylaxie sanitaire, les antibiotiques peuvent permettre de diminuer les conséquences pathologiques de Paenibacillus larvae. Cependant, il est préférable d’alterner l’usage de différentes familles d’antibiotique afin d’éviter l’apparition de résistances
Evaluation of oxalic acid treatments against the mite varroa destructor and secondary effects on honey bees apis mellifera
(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Tarek, El-Ounass; Haddad, Nizar
Background: The Varroa destructor varroasis is a very serious parasite of honeybee Apis mellifera. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Varroa treatment using organic acid (oxalic acid) in Algeria identifying its side effects on bee colonies. Methods: Treatment was conducted in one apiary consisting 30 colonies kept in Langstroth hives kind. Oxalic acid dripped directly on bees 5ml of this solution of oxalic acid per lane occupied by a syringe. Three doses were tested: 4.2, 3.2 and 2.1% oxalic acid is 100, 75 and 50 g of oxalic acid dehydrate in one litter of sugar syrup (1water to1 surge) concentration. Results: The percentage of average efficiency obtained for the first dose was 81%, 72.19% for the second dose, and 65% for third one, while the dose of 100 g oxalic acid causes a weakening of honey bee colonies. Conclusion: The experiments revealed that clear variation in the treatment efficiency among colonies that this might be related to brood presence therefore in order to assure the treatment efficiency oxalic acid should be part of a big- ger strategy of Varroa treatment
Evaluation of the efficacy of different acaricides again st Varroa destructor on Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria
(2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; El-ouness, Tarek
Varroa mite has become a major concern of beekeepers in Algeria since the discovery of the first cases of infestation in the year 1982. The objective of this study was to test different registered chemicals aside with those prepared by beekeepers. The experiment was conducted on 50 Apis meliffera intermissa colonies in a commercial apiary and kept in standard Langstroth hives. Among the products which are approved in Algeria and tested in our experiment are Bayvarol which recorded the highest efficiency rate (91.62%), followed by Apivar (86.50%) and then Apistan (77.75%). Traditional preparations treatments had very low efficiency where it was only: 39.37% for amitraz and 44.21% for tau-fluvalinate (Mavrik). Our study showed a reduction in the efficiency of commercial products (Apistan, Bayvarol and Apivar) and a very low efficiency for amitraz and Mavrik. Such results prove the high demand of searching for more effective treatments against Varroa
Evaluation of the resistance of the mite varroa destructor to the amitraz in colonies of honey bees (apis mellifera) in algeria cezayir’de bal arisi (apis mellifera) kolonilerinde akarin(Varroa destructor) Amitraz’a Direncinin Değerlendirilmesi
(2017) Adjlane, Noureddine; Nizar, Jamal Haddad
Varroa mite has become a major concern of beekeepers in Algeria since the discovery of the first cases of infestation in the year 1982. Amitraz is the predominant compound used in Algeria to control V. destructor, its constant application has caused the appearance of resistant mite populations to this product in several parts of the world. This study was conducted to detect the possible existence of populations of resistant mites to Amitraz in Algeria. To determine the mites mortality percentage to the Amitraz, they were exposed to a trips of 2.5 x 1.0 cm. Varroa mortality in apiaries treated with Amitraz was 39.23%, lower than the 87.40% mortality obtained in apiaries that only received an alternative treatment. A significant difference (P>0.05) was found between two mortality of Varroa. Our results indicate a possible occurrence of Varroa resistance to Amitraz. The introduction of integrated programs for resistance management is required.