Browsing by Author "Khedrouche, Djamel"

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Design and analysis of a 1 × 2 microstrip patch antenna array based on periodic and aperiodic photonic crystals in terahertz
(Springer, 2022) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Hocini, Abdesselam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Temmar, Mohamed Nasr eddine; Denidni, Tayeb Ahmed
In terahertz (THz), high gain antennas are required to overcome the atmospheric attenuation and path losses, for this aim the antenna arrays are helpful. In this paper, we designed and analyzed six terahertz microstrip patch antenna arrays based on diferent substrates, including homogeneous, periodic photonic crystals and fve new aperiodic photonic crystals substrates in the frequency range of 0.5–0.8 THz, which have applications in the next generation wireless communication technologies such as imaging, sensing and detection. The proposed antenna arrays are mounted on a thick polyimide substrate where each of the modifed photonic crystal substrates is divided into several sets of perforated air cylinder holes where each set had its particular radius. The simulation has been performed using CST microwave studio for the proposed antenna arrays which resonated around 0.65 THz and showed high radiation characteristics compared to the conventional antenna array. The highest radiation characteristics were achieved by antenna array 6 which is designed based on aperiodic photonic crystals, which obtained at the resonance frequency of 0.66 THz a very low return loss of −92.89 dB, larger bandwidth greater than 282 GHz, high gain of 11.77 dBi and radiation efciency of 87.63 %. Whereas, the conventional antenna array ofered at the resonance frequency of 0.635 THz −29.73 dB, 62.81 GHz, 8.47 dBi and 84.21 %, respectively. Finally, the link budget analysis was discussed by estimating the total signal loss
Design and analysis of a 2 × 2 microstrip ratch antenna array based on periodic and non-periodic photonic crystals substrate in THz
(Springer, 2022) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Hocini, Abdesselam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Temmar, Mohamed Nasr Eddine; Denidni, Tayeb Ahmed
In recent years, large demand for an antenna with high gain and larger bandwidth is required. In this paper, a 2 × 2 microstrip patch antenna array is designed and analyzed based on different substrates including periodic, non-periodic photonic crystals and homogeneous substrates. The proposed antenna array is designed to operate around 0.65 THz, which has applications in sensing and communication technologies. The simulated results showed that the designed antenna array based on periodic photonic crystals performed better than the conventional antenna array in terms of return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, gain, and radiation efficiency around 0.65 THz. Moreover, the performance of the proposed antenna array based on periodic photonic crystals is investigated by designing three other antenna arrays by using non-periodic photonic crystals substrate, which is divided into several sets of air holes, where each set of air holes had a different radius. The simulated results showed that the return loss, bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency were improved by using non-periodic photonic crystals substrate compared to periodic photonic crystals substrate. The highest radiation characteristics were achieved by the fourth antenna array, which obtained a wide bandwidth greater than 291 GHz, whereas the return loss, gain and radiation efficiency were - 6 3.62 dB, 13.70 dB and 92.45% , respectively at a resonance frequency of 0.628 THz. The simulation has been performed using two different simulation techniques, CST Microwave Studio based on the finite integration technique and Ansys HFSS based on finite element technique which showed the convergence
Design and simulation of 1 × 2, 1 × 4 and 2 × 8 microstrip patch antenna arrays based on photonic crystals for improved gain performance in THz
(Springer, 2024) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Hocini, Abdesselam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Temmar, Mohamed Nasr eddine; Denidni, Tayeb Ahmed; Shayea, Ibraheem
In a wireless communication system, a microstrip patch antenna is gaining importance as a most powerful technology trend and it is applicable for the development of low-cost, minimal-weight, low-profile and high-performance antenna. This paper presents the design and the analysis of 1 × 2, 1 × 4 and 2 × 8 rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) arrays based on the photonic crystals for improved gain performance and high radiation characteristics compared to ones that are designed based on the homogeneous substrate in the frequency range of 0.25 - 0.55 THz. The design of the proposed antenna arrays based on the photonic band gap (PBG) and the homogeneous substrate structures is made by using the designed single-element RMPA as the basic building element, and then, they were fed by the parallel feeding structure. The designed antenna arrays were simulated using CST Microwave Studio software and validated with the aid of Ansoft HFSS simulator. For high radiation characteristics, the proposed antenna arrays resonated around 0.35 THz which is a low loss frequency window in the terahertz band. The main results showed that the designed antenna arrays based on the PBG substrate structure outperform the antenna arrays based on the homogeneous substrate in terms of return loss, bandwidth, gain and directivity. The best directivity was achieved by the 2 × 8 RMPA array of 17.40 dBi, whereas the 1 × 4, 1 × 2 RMPA arrays and single-element RMPA achieved the directivity of 13.54 dBi, 9.87dBi and 7.76 dBi, respectively. Hence, the designed antenna arrays can be used for medical imaging, threat detection and wireless surveillance communication.
Gain enhancement of a novel 1 × 2 microstrip patch antenna array based on cylindrical and cuboid photonic crystal substrate in THz
(Springer, 2023) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Hocini, Abdesselam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Temmar, Mohamed Nasr eddine; Denidni, Tayeb Ahmed
Recent advancements in the next-generation wireless communication technologies require high gain and larger bandwidth. In this paper, a high gain novel 1 × 2 circular microstrip patch antenna array is proposed to operate around 0.65 THz based on different substrates. First, the proposed antenna array is designed based on air cylinders holes embedded in a thick polyimide substrate, and then by using air cuboids holes. The proposed antenna array model is compared with a homogeneous polyimide substrate. The simulation results showed that the performance of the proposed antenna array was enhanced especially by using air cuboids holes and achieved a minimal return loss of − 74.10 dB, a wide bandwidth greater than 290 GHz, a gain of 10.57 dB, and radiation efficiency of 82.96% at a resonance frequency of 0.65 THz. Next, the gain of the proposed antenna array is investigated further by using two different substrates with a modified non-periodic photonic crystal where the air cylinders holes and air cuboids holes are mixed at the same time and embedded in the substrate with different diameter values. The simulation showed an enhancement in the gain where the highest gain was achieved by antenna array 4 of 12.03 dB. The proposed antenna array can be useful in imaging, sensing, and next-generation wireless communication technologies. The simulation is carried out by using the CST Microwave Studio simulator
Ultra wideband bandstop plasmonic filter in the NIR region based on stub resonators
(IOP Publishing, 2023) Zegaar, Imane; Hocini, Abdesselam; Bensalah, Hocine; Harhouz, Ahlam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Lahoubi, Mahieddine
In this study, we propose an ultra-wideband bandstop filter (UWB-BSF) using a plasmonic MIM waveguide coupled with a stub cavity that is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). Air and silver are used as insulators and metals, respectively; silver is characterized by the Drude model. The structure can filter the optical telecommunication wavelengths of 1550 nm and 1310 nm. The transmission peak and the resonance wavelength of the basic structure can be tuned by varying the stub resonator's length and width. In order to improve the filtering function of the bandstop filter at broad bandwidth in the NIR region with maximum transmission peak, the number of stub resonators is increased to two, three, and four stubs with properly studied lengths and a proper horizontal distance between each two stubs. The bandwidth is enhanced from 350 nm, with two stubs, to 620 nm, with three stubs, and 770 nm, with four stubs, respectively. The corresponding filtered wavelength ranges are [1600 nm–1950 nm], [1330 nm–1950 nm] and [1180 nm–1950 nm] respectively. Moreover, with the increase in the number of stubs, the center wavelength achieves a blue shift to lower wavelengths. Further, the paper provides significant applications for plasmonic bandstop filters in highly integrated optical circuits
An ultra-wideband bandstop plasmonic filter in mid-infrared band based on metal-insulator-metal waveguide coupled with an hexagonal resonator
(Springer, 2023) Zegaar, Imane; Hocini, Abdesselam; Harhouz, Ahlam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Ben Salah, Hocine
An ultra-wideband band-stop plasmonic filter (UWB-BSF) in mid-infrared (MIR) range based on metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide coupled with a hexagonal resonator is proposed in this work. Using RSoft CAD commercial software, the designed BSF is numerically and theoretically investigated by the 2D Finite-Difference Time-Domain method. To enhance the BSFs system in mid-infrared, obtaining ultra-wide bandgap width (UWB) with the maximum passband transmission at the left and right of the bandgap and a high value of the rectangular coefficient, we increase the number of hexagonal cavities. Hence, the number of hexagonal resonators controls the range of the filtered wavelength of the BSFs system. In the case of two hexagonal-shaped resonators, the Fano resonance appears on the left and right sides of the bandgap, forming a U-shaped transmission spectrum, which is very helpful for improving the performance of the band-stop filter. Furthermore, by changing the geometric parameters of the hexagonal cavities the filtered wavelength range is shifted toward the near-infrared (NIR) band. The center wavelength of the bandgap of the proposed nano-stop-band filter is adjustable by varying the geometric parameters of the structure. This device operates in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength ranges. With a larger bandgap width and tunable performance, this proposed nanostructure provides an advantageous application for plasmonic integrated circuits and broadband transmissions