Publications Scientifiques

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Author: search.filters.author.Shayea, Ibraheem

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    Design and simulation of high gain 2-element, 4-element and 16-element arrays of microstrip patch antenna for terahertz applications based on photonic crystals
    (AIP Publishing, 2024) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Shayea, Ibraheem; El-Saleh, Ayman A.; Alhammadi, Abdulraqeb
    In the past years, the study of microstrip patch antennas has made significant progress because of their miniature size, low cost, compatibility, and ease of manufacture compared to traditional antennas. In this study, different microstrip patch antenna array configurations including 2-element, 4-element and 16-element were studied and designed in the range of frequencies of 0.25- 0.55 THz. This study aims to enhance the gain and the radiation properties of these proposed antenna array configurations using air cylinder holes photonic band gap (PBG) substrate instead of the homogeneous substrate. Simulation was conducted with the help of CST Microwave Studio software for the different substrates. To obtain better radiation properties, the proposed antenna arrays have around 0.35 THz resonant frequencies where there exists a low atmospheric attenuation window in the terahertz band. The outcomes demonstrated that the studied antenna arrays based on the photonic band gap substrate provided additional performance in terms of the return loss, bandwidth, gain, directivity and beamwidth compared to their corresponding conventional antenna arrays counterparts based on the homogeneous substrate. Among all designed antenna array configurations, the 16-element antenna array based on the photonic band gap has successfully achieved impressive gain and directivity performance of 16.75 dB and 17.40 dBi, respectively. Finally, the proposed antenna arrays are highly promising candidates for wireless communications, imaging, sensing, medical diagnosis and threat detection.
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    Outdoor mobile broadband performance analysis in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Shayea, Ibraheem; Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Azmi, Marwan Hadri; Han, Chua Tien; Arsad, Arsany; Abd Rahman, Tharek
    This paper presents the measurement of mobile broadband (MBB) performance and specifies insightful knowledge about 3G and 4G technologies of dense urban and urban morphologies in Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore. This study will also contribute to planning efficiently for the deployment of 5G network in these three countries. The data to characterize and analyze the MBB performances are gathered through a driving test (DT) conducted in areas of the three countries for two months starting from January to February by utilizing an unbranded smartphone named Samsung Galaxy S6. The performance data in our MBB analysis was collected based on diverse national mobile network operators (MNOs) in outdoor areas of the selected states in the mentioned countries. Four different performance metrics (coverage, speed, latency, and satisfaction) were investigated to assess the network performance for one of MBB's services that contain video streaming services. Within video services, two distinct resolutions including 720p (low) and 1080p (high) for an identical YouTube video were loaded alternately by the same smartphone. The research is meant to mimic real scenarios in the case of the unlocked smartphone to any technology during the time of loading a video, which contributes to knowing the network coverage of 2G, 3G, and 4G technologies in the chosen areas. The analysis of the 2G technology is excluded in the current paper because of the limited data amount of 2G. The MBB performance measurement results in the tested areas revealed that, on average, the 4G network outperformed the 3G network according to the investigated four performance indicators. Therefore, across the tested territories, the 4G technology offered better network coverage compared to the 3G technology. The vMOS scores for 4G technology across video services were more than 3, whereas the 3G technology has achieved scores smaller than 3. Also, the 4G network has achieved E2E RTT-Ping server latency improvements of 89.90%, 59.30%, 67.48%, and 58.04% compared to the 3G network in the urban and dense urban of Klang Valley, Malaysia, urban of Singapore, and urban of Thailand, respectively. Moreover, it is found that 4G technology can provide improvements up to the factors of 1.29, 1.61, 1.98, and 1.35 in the download speed for video streaming compared to the 3G technology for urban and dense urban of Klang Valley, Malaysia, urban of Singapore, and urban of Thailand, respectively.
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    Data Caching in Edge Computing: A Survey
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Kara, Meliha Çağla; Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Shayea, Ibraheem; Tussupov, Akhmet; Rzayeva, Leila
    As the Internet of Things (IoT) generates ever-increasing data streams, traditional cloud-centric architectures face crippling challenges in network latency, bandwidth consumption, and resource constraints. This paper explores how data caching in edge computing environments emerges as a potent solution, significantly impacting latency reduction, network efficiency, and overall system performance. We comprehensively review the landscape of edge IoT and data caching, analyze caching benefits and complexities, and delve into architectural integration, caching strategies, and algorithms tailored to address specific IoT challenges. Through case studies in chosen application domains, we quantify the performance improvements enabled by effective caching and pave the way for future research exploring novel caching methodologies and optimization techniques in the dynamic world of edge IoT.
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    Design and simulation of 1 × 2, 1 × 4 and 2 × 8 microstrip patch antenna arrays based on photonic crystals for improved gain performance in THz
    (Springer, 2024) Benlakehal, Mohamed Elamine; Hocini, Abdesselam; Khedrouche, Djamel; Temmar, Mohamed Nasr eddine; Denidni, Tayeb Ahmed; Shayea, Ibraheem
    In a wireless communication system, a microstrip patch antenna is gaining importance as a most powerful technology trend and it is applicable for the development of low-cost, minimal-weight, low-profile and high-performance antenna. This paper presents the design and the analysis of 1 × 2, 1 × 4 and 2 × 8 rectangular microstrip patch antenna (RMPA) arrays based on the photonic crystals for improved gain performance and high radiation characteristics compared to ones that are designed based on the homogeneous substrate in the frequency range of 0.25 - 0.55 THz. The design of the proposed antenna arrays based on the photonic band gap (PBG) and the homogeneous substrate structures is made by using the designed single-element RMPA as the basic building element, and then, they were fed by the parallel feeding structure. The designed antenna arrays were simulated using CST Microwave Studio software and validated with the aid of Ansoft HFSS simulator. For high radiation characteristics, the proposed antenna arrays resonated around 0.35 THz which is a low loss frequency window in the terahertz band. The main results showed that the designed antenna arrays based on the PBG substrate structure outperform the antenna arrays based on the homogeneous substrate in terms of return loss, bandwidth, gain and directivity. The best directivity was achieved by the 2 × 8 RMPA array of 17.40 dBi, whereas the 1 × 4, 1 × 2 RMPA arrays and single-element RMPA achieved the directivity of 13.54 dBi, 9.87dBi and 7.76 dBi, respectively. Hence, the designed antenna arrays can be used for medical imaging, threat detection and wireless surveillance communication.