Browsing by Author "Kaddour, Omar"

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Investigating the Effect of Novel Nanofluid Solutions (TiO2/ZnO, TiO2/Al2O3 and ZnO/Al2O3) Containing Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide (DDAB) Surfactant on Asphaltenes Deposits
(Springer Nature, 2024) Zahaf, Billel; Kaddour, Omar; Mimoun, Hadj
As they constitute the heaviest and polar fraction of crude oils, asphaltenes affect undesirable precipitation issues during crude oil mining, transportation, and refining. Viscosity is one of the parameters influencing the precipitation of asphaltenes. Therefore, our research aims to reduce the viscosity of Algerian oil residues by employing a novel inhibitor based on a mixture of metal oxide nanofluids. Firstly, we determined the viscosity of asphaltenes content in oil residue as a function of the shear rate without additives, then in the presence of nanofluids of metal oxides (Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO). The viscosity measurements were carried out in solutions (pentane/toluene) containing 20 g/L of the oil residue at different proportions of metal oxide nanofluids (0 ÷ 3 wt.%). The same steps were repeated using nanofluid solutions (TiO2/ZnO, TiO2/Al2O3 and ZnO/Al2O3). The results obtained show that prepared nanofluids significantly decrease the viscosity of asphaltenic oil, hence, the separated nanofluids decrease the viscosity in this order ZnO < Al2O3 < TiO2 with corresponding viscosity reduction rate of 91.67% for TiO2, however, the effectiveness of mixed nanofluids to reduce viscosity is ZnO/Al2O3 < TiO2/Al2O3 < TiO2/ZnO for 94.67%. This study verify the implication of novel mixed nanofluid solutions for improving the flow of asphaltenic oil.
One-step synthesis and characterization of carbon nanospheres via natural gas condensate pyrolysis
(Taylor and Francis, 2020) Boufades, Djamila; Hammadou Née Mesdour, Souad; Moussiden, Anissa; Benmebrouka, Hafsa; Hérold, Claire; Kaddour, Omar
In the current work, carbon nanospheres (CNSs) were prepared via pyrolysis of gas condensate in N2 at 1273 K and atmospheric pressure for 2 h using ferric chloride as a catalyst precursor. X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) in scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectrometry (Raman), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) are employed for the structural and morphological characterization of the nanomaterials formed. The conductivity of these films was measured using the four probe method. As results, SEM-EDX and TEM analysis reveal spherical shaped particles, with diameter varying between 100 and 200 nm and graphene interlayer distance of 0.339 nm. The very low ID/IG ratio obtained reveals a relatively low amount of disorder in the nanostructures and TGA analysis implies that thermal stability was achieved after 470 °C. Our work provides a simple synthetic strategy in one-step sample preparation of CNSs, which can be used for furfur applications such as high-performance supercapacitors or adsorbents
Optimization of carbon nanotubes synthesis via pyrolysis over Ni/Al2O3 using response surface methodology
(Taylor and Francis Online, 2021) Boufades, Djamila; Hammadou Née Mesdour, Souad; Moussiden, Anissa; Benmebrouka, Hafsa; Medjahdi, Ghouti; Kaddour, Omar
Owing to the rapid expansion of preparing a low-cost and pure carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from large available raw materials as cheap carbon precursors and catalyst depositions via chemical vapor deposition process, Algerian condensate gas over Ni/Al2O3 was used in this study. Response surface methodology was utilized to assess and optimize the preparation parameters. Synthesis of CNTs was studied as a function of three independent parameters: catalyst/condensate-gas weight ratio (5–10 wt %), synthesis time (30-120 min) and temperature (700–1000 C). Optimum conditions for the CNTS-synthesis were found to be 5%, 112 min and 1000 C, for catalyst/condensate gas mass ratio, synthesis time and temperature, respectively. Under these conditions, Raman spectrum indicates high values of (IG/ID), which means high-quality CNTs. Examination by SEM and HRTEM revealed that the CNTs grown under optimum conditions had diameters of 10nm. The carbon yield predicted at the optimum process conditions was 81.76%. Conclusively, the pure and uniformed CNTs can be produced with high yield by the conversion of available-cheap resources via CVD-method. This method is practical, realistic, feasible in industrial scale and thus can reduces the cost manufacture of CNTs, which may help increase the impact of these remarkable materials in many fields.
Optimization of the activity of Mo7-Zn3/CaO catalyst in the transesterification of waste cooking oil into sustainable biodiesel via response surface methodology
(2024) Kouider Elouahed, Salima; Asikin-Mijan, Nurul; Alsultan G, Abdulkareem; Kaddour, Omar; Yusop, Muhammad Rahimi; Mimoun, Hadj; Samidin, Salma; Mansir, Nasar; Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin
An enriched basic site CaO-supported bimetallic Molybdenum-Zinc (Mo7-Zn3) catalyst was successfully synthe- sized via wet-impregnation and evaluated for the transesterification of waste cooking oil into biodiesel. The physicochemical characterization of the Mo7-Zn3/CaO catalyst demonstrated good dispersion of CaMoO4 and ZnO oxides on CaO support, with a mesoporous structure allowing for better mass transfer between reactants. The Mo7-Zn3/CaO catalyst exhibited high transesterification activity (95 ± 0.3 % FAME conversion), owing to the large density of strong Brønsted basic sites (conjugated O2–) generated from simultaneous interaction among Ca2+, Zn2+, and Mo6+ metal species. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box Behnken Design (BBD) were used to optimize the reaction and indeed, the utmost FAME conversion of 95 % is achieved using 3.37 wt% catalyst loading, 12:1 methanol to oil molar ratio within 2.27 h at 62.7 ◦C reaction temperature. The model reliability in predicting the FAME yield using the established catalyst under varying operational conditions was excitedly validated with a reasonable accuracy error of 0.5 %. The catalyst exhibited good stability, maintaining a high FAME conversion (95–85 %) during 5 reusable cycles without significant loss in catalytic activity. A closer look for a detailed approach and a heterogeneous mechanism for the reaction using Mo7-Zn3/CaO catalyst was proposed. The physical and chemical properties of the produced biodiesel were carefully compared with the standard for biodiesel, and were found to majorly comply with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 biodiesel properties. An investigation into the economic competitiveness and industrial applicability of biodiesel production using Mo7-Zn3/CaO from WCO reveals significant potential for sustainable and efficient biodiesel synthe
Potential production of olefins in pyrolysis of Algerian gas condensate compounded with ethane
(Springer, 2019) Bouarar, Fahima; Kaddour, Omar; Mimoun, Hadj; Khettab, Nadjia
Process Parameters and Intensification Effects of a Microwave Exposure Applied for the Extractive Oxidation of Diesel: An Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
(Pleiades Publishing, 2024) Bedoud, Karim; Mesdour, Souad Hammadou née; Boufades, Djamila; Moussiden, Anissa; Benmabrouka, Hafsa; Hamada, Boudjema; Kaddour, Omar
Extractive oxidation of diesel via microwave processing using sulfuric acid and two synthesized pyridinium- or methylpyridinium-based ionic liquids has been studied as a sustainable and clean technology. The Central Composite Design (CCD) representing one of the response surface methods was applied for the experimental design, mathematical modeling, optimization, and factor-influence study, which covered the 0.75–1.75 [CH2COOHmPy][HSO4]/[H2SO4] volumetric range, 40–80°C temperature range, and 120–300 s radiation exposure time. The developed model properly fitted experimental results, with a coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0.9832 that indicated its accuracy. The highest predicted sulfur removal (93.338%) as well as a significant removal of nitrogen and aromatic compounds was obtained for [CH2COOHmPy][HSO4]/[H2SO4] = 1.57, T = 71.7°C, and exposure time equal to 208 s. Microwave-assisted extractive oxidation demonstrated a considerable potential as the energy-saving technology, which meets the future need for producing clean fuels with low content of heteroatoms and polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
Valorization of polyethylene waste by vacuum cracking
(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Dahou, Meriem; Hammadou née Mesdour, Souad; Kaddour, Omar; Mimoun, Hadj
In this study, polyethylene-pyrolysis was investigated under vacuum to yield cracking-oils as substitutes for petro-diesel. At 430 °C and 670 mmHg, highest yield of 86.68% liquid, 6.46% of residues and 6.86% of gas fractions were obtained. The liquid-fraction composition (180–350 °C) was dominated by paraffinic and olefin, as confirmed by GC–MS. The fuel qualities were analyzed using ASTM standards and then compared to the commercial-diesel. The depolymerized oil characteristics are similar to conventional-fuel except for the density, which was increase by adding an appropriate amount of petro-fuel. This process could significantly serves in managing wastes to produce clean-fuels