Publications Internationales
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Item Contribution to the Monitoring of Leptospira in Wild Animals (Hedgehog of Bouira District)(2021) Aouadi, Nawal; Mensah Tonyi, Raouf; Abbas, Sadjia; Bitam, Idir; Arab, KarimLeptospirosis is an anthropozoonotique disease of worldwide distribution with tropical dominance. It is caused by a pathogenic bacterium Leptospira interrogans which her primary reservoirs are rodents that shed the bacteria in the urine. Leptospira is wide- spread in the environment (freshwater, moist soil, sludge...). This study was carried out at Pasteur Institute of Algiers PIA’s laboratory, the ecology of vector systems department in different regions of Bouira district focused on the detection of leptospira spp in different samples: blood, organs, and urine of wild-caught animals (hedgehogs). After analysis of various samples (9 hedgehogs) in regions M'chedallah, Raffour, and Ahl- el –Ksar in 2012, we were able to iso- late leptospira by the bacteriological test (culture of urine, liver, and kidney) 22.22% of positivity, Test of thermo- resistant antigen (33.33% of positivity) and Microscopic-Agglutination-Test (0%). These diagnostic approaches appear to be complementaryItem Algerian wild fennel essential oils: chromatographic profile, acute toxicity, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities(Springer, 2022) Dahman, Karima; Moghrani, Houria; Deghbar, Nahla; Ouare, Salima; Alla, Karim; Arab, KarimThe present study deals with the characterization of essential oils from umbels and seeds of Algerian wild (bitter) fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Var vulgare) by determining the chromatographic profile, lethal dose (LD50), antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, as well as a kinetic modeling study of the extraction of the seed-based essential oils. The extrac- tion of essential oils (EOs) was performed by hydrodistillation using Clevenger for 3.5 and 6 h for the umbels and seeds, respectively. The two mathematical models from the experimental data show a good fit with an R2 of 99.99 and 98.94%. GC/ MS analyses of fennel EOs showed that fennel was rich in different oxygenated monoterpenes compounds. However, while fenchone was the main compound in fennel seeds (FSEO), fennel umbel EO (FUEO) mainly contained α-pinene, o-cymene, sylvestrene, fenchone, Endo-fenchyl acetate, and carvacrol. The acute toxicity study of FSEO showed a lethal dose (LD50) of 4.9085 ± 0.1213 g/kg body weight in mice. Based on the free radical scavenging method using BHT as a positive control, the IC50 values were 9.9658 ± 0.057 mg/mL and 0.4570 ± 0.0456 mg/mL for FSEO and BHT, respectively. The study of antimicrobial activity in two gram-negative bacteria: Echerichi coli (ATCC 8739), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), and one gram-positive bacterium: Bacilus subtilis (ATCC 6633), as well as two fungal strains: Candida albicans (ATCC 10,231), Saccaromyces cerevisiaes (ATCC 9763), revealed that the fungal strains were more susceptible to FSEO and showed a significant fungicidal effect. The results of this study highlight the high quality of Algerian wild fennel, and the possibility of recovering it for use in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industriesItem The essential oil of Algerian Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. and its effect on the cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase activities(Elsevier, 2018) Sadaoui, Nesrine; Bec, Nicole; VéroniqueBarragan, Montero; Kadri, Nabil; Cuisinier, Frederi; Larroque, Christian; Arab, Karim; Khettal, BachraThis study aims at performing a chemical analysis of the essential oil (EO) of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. and investigating the anticholinesterase and anti-monoamine oxidase activities. The EO of the A. leucotrichus aerial part was analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The inhibitory potency against Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were evaluated in vitro using modified Ellman's method. Monoamine oxidase activity was measured using the spectrophotometric method described by Weissbach. The chemical analysis of EO showed that the main constituents were perillaldehyde (by about 58.3%) and limonene (by about 23.33%). Further, the essential oil extracted from A. leucotrichus exhibited a promising anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity with an IC50 of about 95.2 μg/mL, where the perillaldehyde and limonene IC50 corresponded to 42.7 μg/mL and 66.7 μg/mL, respectively. The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was observed only with limonene with IC50 = 51.6 μg/mL. The highest monoamine oxidase inhibitor activity was observed by essential oil followed by perillaldehyde. The oil demonstrated IC50 values for monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) of 40.5 μg/mL and 98.9 μg/mL for perillaldehyde. While, IC50 values for monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) were 112.5 μg/mL and 159.1 μg/mL for EO and perillaldehyde, respectively. No inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase has been reported with limonene. A. leucotrichus C. & D. essential oil may represent an alternative source useful as a moderate anticholinesterase agent, particularly against butyrylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase.Item Criblage phytochimique et évaluation du pouvoir antioxydant des feuilles de myrtus communis l. et rhamnus alaternus L.(Univérsité Saad Dahleb Blida 1, 2020) Bouchenak, Ouahiba; Yahiaoui, Karima; Benhabyles, Narimen; Laoufi, Razika; Toubal, Souheila; El Haddad, Djillali; Oussaid, Sounia; Blizak, Meriem Djanette; Arab, KarimDescription du sujet: les travaux d'investigation actuels sont axés sur la recherche de nouvelles molécules antioxydantes d'origine naturelle et proposition d'alternatives thérapeutiques.Objectifs: l'objectif de cette étude est de mettre en relation l'utilisation traditionnelle de Myrtus communis L. et Rhamnus alaternus L. par la population de Boumerdes et leur activité antioxydante.Méthodes: la mise en évidence du pouvoir antioxydant des deux plantes, consiste à un criblage phytochimique permettant d’avoir une idée sur la présence ou l'absence de certains métabolites primaires et secondaires. L'activité antioxydante est évaluée par la méthode de réduction du fer sur les trois extraits acétonique, méthanolique et éthanolique.Résultats: le screening phytochimique révèle une richesse des deux plantes en polyphénols, glucosides, saponosides, sucres réducteur et en flavonoïdes avec une absence des tanins catéchiques, d'anthocyanes, des caroténoïdes, des irridoides, des protéines, des stérols, des polyterpènes, d'amidon et des lipides. Le meilleur rendement est obtenu avec l'acétone à 48,5% pourMyrtus communis et Rhamnus alaternusà 47%. L'activité antioxydante est maximale pour Myrtus communisà la concentration de 1mg/ml à une densité optique pour les trois extraits : éthanolique (3,84), acétonique (3,46) et méthanolique (3,22) par rapport à l'acide ascorbique. Conclusion: ces résultats apportent un appui scientifique quant à l'utilisation traditionnelle de ces plantes, ouvrant ainsi des perspectives pour leur intégration dans les industries pharmaceutiques et alimentaires.Item Evaluation and quantification of the inhibition of biofilm and planktonic forms of Klebsiella pneumoniae by the polyphenolic extract of Pulicaria crispa(PMC, 2020) Thinina, Afif Chaouche; Houali, Karim; Malek, Maliya Alia; Arab, KarimAnalyses of polyphenolic plant extracts have shown significant results when used to control different pathogens. Many of these pathogens are responsible for different infections causing significant public health problems. This work aims basically to determine the efficiency of polyphenolic extract of Pulicaria crispa to prevent biofilm formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Strains were identified by their biochemical characters and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. P. crispa is a Saharan plant used to extract polyphenols to assess their inhibitory action against K. pneumoniae development and biofilm forming. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed quercetin as the most important component of the polyphenolic extract. All strains are biofilm forming and are resistant to many antibiotics. The Minimal inhibitory concentrations of biofilm (MICBs) of the extract range from 0.21 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) to 3.40 mg GAE. The minimal inhibitory concentrations vary from 0.1 mg GAE to 0.425 mg GAE. Although many plant extracts have already shown their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, their application in clinical cases requires a long-term endeavorItem Antioxidant and wound healing potential of saponins extracted from the leaves of Algerian urtica dioica L.(2017) Laoufi, Razika; Affif Chaouche, Thanina; Chebouti-Meziou, Nadjiba; Benhabyles, Narimen; Dahmani Mohamed, Mahdi; Arab, KarimItem Antibacterial activity of cumin (cuminum cyminum l.) and cloves (syzygium aromaticum) essential oils, and their application to the preservation of minced meat(2018) Yahiaoui, Karima; Bouchenak, Ouahiba; Lefkir, S.; Benhabyles, N.; Laoufi, R.; Arab, KarimThe two plant species that were the subject of our study, namely cumin (Cuminum cyminum Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum), are frequently used in pharmacopoeia and culinary tradition. The antibacterial activities of these species were tested on pathogenic bacteria ( Salmonella Sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, oxaciline-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus refrigeration temperature. Based on the results, it can be predicted that the two essential oils studied are effective natural antimicrobial agents and can be used as a very important source of natural food preservativesItem Phytochemical screening of Algerian borago officinalis L. and evaluation of its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities against respiratory pathogens(Advanced Research Journals, 2014) Afif Chaouche, Thanina; Arab, Karim; Bendahou, MouradContext and purpose of the study: Infectious diseases represent a serious problem of public health in countries where resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is spreading alarmingly. Such situation leads researchers to make efforts so they can isolate or synthesize new antimicrobial molecules or molecules that inhibit the resistance mechanisms. Medicinal plants can represent a rich source of such molecules. In this context, Borago offccinaiis L, a medicinal species which is used traditionally in Algeria to heal infectious diseases of respiratory system is studied. Both of chemical composition and biological activities were explored. Main findings: GC-MS analysis of the essential oil reveals the Spathulenol as the most abundant component (38.24%). The HPLC applied on flavonoids extract shows the presence of the Caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, Rutin, Rosmarinic acid, Quercetin and the Gallic acid. The test of the antioxidant capacity using the DPPH method reveal an inhibiting effect which is more important with the flavonoid extract with an EC 50 = 4.02± 0.06μg/ml. Otherwise, resistant strains to conventional antibiotics seem to be sensitive to the flavonoids with MICs varying from10.14μg/ml to 81.12μg/ml. Brief summary and potential implications: This study indicates that Borago offccinalss L. has an important antimicrobial effect, which justifies its potential use in infectious diseases. This species remains poorly investigated, further refined studies on its pure secondary metabolites are needed, in the perspective of identifying new antimicrobial molecules from this plantItem Habitat occupancy by european turtle doves (streptopelia turtur) in the Isser valley, Algeria(Societe Nationale de Protection de la Nature, 2014) Yahiaoui, Karima; Arab, Karim; Belhamra, M.; Browne, S.J.; Boutin, J.-M.; Moali, A.