Publications Internationales
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Item Inhibitory effect of Trichoderma harzianum on mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and Alternaria solani(Springer Netherlands, 2018) Lakhdari, Wassima; Dehliz, Abderrahmene; Mlik, Randa; Hammi, Hamida; Benlamoudi, Wiam; Acheuk, Fatma; Doumandji-Mitiche, Bahia B.Tomato is one of the most important fruit vegetables for human consumption in Algeria. In recent years, the cultivation of this plant is experiencing a very rapid development. However, this speculation is confronted with several problems including plant health. The purpose of this study is to find biological ways to introduce them into an integrated control program against tomato pests and have an organic agriculture that can increase the production of this culture. Direct confrontation test of an indigenous strain of Trichoderma harzianum with two phytopathogenic fungi that are isolated from tomato leaves (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and Alternaria solani) was carried at 26 °C on an artificial culture medium (PDA). It could be demonstrated that T. harzianum inhibited mycelia growth of the two fungi with more than 40% and only after 4 days of incubation. Statistical analysis confirms that T. harzianum had a significant effect of antagonism against the tested pathogens mentioned before with P value 0.02 and 0.04, respectively. Beyond this period, and at the end of the sixth day, T. harzianum occupied the colonies of fungus and began to sporulate marking a very important myco-parasitic power. Indeed, a percent inhibition greater than 50% was recorded into the both fungiItem Detection of paenibacillus larvae spores in honey samples from beekeepers of the central region of algeria(Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, 2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Ameur lain, Karima; Gharabi, Nassiba; Lecksir, Nawel; Haddad, NizarThe American foulbrood in one of the most serious diseases that may affect brood of larvae and pupae stages, which cause economic losses and biological hazards in a large beekeeping sector in several countries across the world in general and Algeria in particular. The causative agent of this disease is a bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae that target bees Apis mellifera the latter are often present in honey.The aim of this project is studying the spread of this disease in the northern region of Algeria through the analysis of honey obtained from these areas. Microbiological, microscopic and biochemical methods were used in this study. The results obtained have shown that the prevalence rate varies from region to region, several factors may explain this variation in the prevalence of the disease. The average infection rate for all regions is 32%. To prevent the spread of this disease in Algeria must be taken is mandatory and means of prevention into account.Item Varroa destructor resistance to fluvalinate in Algeria(2013) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Doumandji, SalaheddineVarroa destructor Anderson & Trueman, is considered as a major problem for the beekeeping sector, not only for Apis mellifera L. in Algeria but also worldwide. In cases of no control it can cause severe problems that may end in the death of honeybee colonies. Fluvalinate is the predominant compound used in Algeria to control V. destructor, its constant application has caused the appearance of resistant mite populations to this product in several parts of the world. This study was conducted to detect the possible existence of populations of resistant mites to fluvalinate in the area north-center of Algeria. To determine the mites mortality percentage to the fluvalinate, they were exposed to strips of 2.5 x 1.0 cm. Varroa mortality in apiaries treated with fluvalinate was 41.23%, lower than the 81.51% mortality obtained in apiaries that only received an alternative treatment. A significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between two mortality of Varroa. These results show for the first time the existence of Varroa destructor populations resistant to fluvalinate in Algeria. These results are essential for beekeeping sector not only in Algeria but also in Africa since very little data is available on this issue in the northern parts of Africa.Item The first data on hygienic behavior of Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria(2014) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, NizarHygienic behavior is considered as an important factor in selection programs of resistance honey bee mite to Varroa destructor, the objective of this study was to evaluate this behavior Apis mellifera intermissa, the local honey bee race of Algeria. The study was performed on 40 colonies in spring and fall. The results had show a variation in the removal rate of dead brood where it was 91 .56% in spring and, 83.55% in autumn. This is the first test of hygienic behavior in Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria. We can conclude, that the Algerian local bees are characterized by a good cleaning ability.Item Atypical viral and parasitic pattern in Algerian honey bee subspecies Apis mellifera intermissa and A. m. sahariensis(Springer Verlag, 2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Dainat, Benjamin; Gauthier, Laurent; Dietemann, VincentUnusually high losses of honey bee colonies are reported in many regions of the world, but little data isavailable concerning the status of honey bee stocks in Africa. However, the situation on this continent, wherebeekeeping is weakly developed and where the wild population of the pollinator remains large, can give us an insighton the causes of increased mortalities elsewhere. In this study, we evaluate the health status ofApis melliferaintermissaandA. m. sahariensispopulations inhabiting the north and the south of Algeria, respectively. We reportfew colony losses associated with an atypical pattern of prevalence for common honey bee parasites and pathogens.The presence or absence of these risk factors is discussed in relation to the occurrence of local and global colonylosses to contribute to our understanding of how honey bee pathogens and parasite impact this pollinator’s healthItem Effectiveness of Treatments with Thymol in Controlling Varroa Destructor Parasite of The Honey Bee in Algeria(2016) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, Nizar; Ounesse, TarekVarroa disease is a parasitic disease of adult bees and brood, due to a blood-sucking external parasitic mite, Varroa destructor. This is one of the most dangerous diseases in Algeria. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two treatments approved based thymol (Thymovar® and Apiguard®) in the fight against varroa in Algerian conditions and to determine the side effects of these treatments on bee colonies local Apis mellifera intermissa. The test was performed on 80 colonies with two different formulations for each treatment. As the results show in our test, a wide variation in the effectiveness between colonies is recorded for both treatments. The average efficiency for the group of colonies ½ Thymovar strap in two applications stood at 84.43%. This efficiency is lower for the group ½ straps in one application (77.23%). For Apiguard, the average efficiency is 81% for formulation 2 x 25g spaced two weeks, against a 79% rate for the formulation of 2X25 spaced one week. During our tests, with a few dead bees and nymphs found on nappies, we never recorded unusually high bee mortality. Further tests are needed to determine the optimal dose and the best time for treatment.Item Effect of Some Honeybee Diseases on Seasonal Mortality ofApismellifera intermissain Algeria Apiaries(Springer, 2018) Adjlane, Noureddine; Jamal Haddad, NizarWith a view to identify the pathogens and to establish the role of these pathogens in regulation of the density of honey bee population occurring in the apiaries of the area concerned samples of honeybee were collected from the beekeepers in some parts of central Algeria It is revealed that Nosema sp., Varroa destrutor, Peanibacillus larvae are associated with the disease manifestation in honey bees. The presence of Nosema sp., Varroa destrutor, Peanibacillus larvae was analyzed using standard OIE methods. Spores of Paenibacillus larvae were detected in 56.6 % in winter 52.32 % in spring. 29.33 % in autumn and 11.25 % in summer. Nosema infestation was recorded in 47.91 % bee individuals during spring. Varroa infestation rate was maximum 12.57 % in summer and lowest 3.44 % in spring. Analysis of data indicates that Boumerdes and Tipaza, diseases induced mortality exceeds 10 % in honeybee. There exists a significant correlation between Nosema disease and mortalities in honeybees. Seasons play significant role, irrespective of pathogens, in disease manifestationItem Evaluation of the resistance of the mite varroa destructor to the amitraz in colonies of honey bees (apis mellifera) in algeria cezayir’de bal arisi (apis mellifera) kolonilerinde akarin(Varroa destructor) Amitraz’a Direncinin Değerlendirilmesi(2017) Adjlane, Noureddine; Nizar, Jamal HaddadVarroa mite has become a major concern of beekeepers in Algeria since the discovery of the first cases of infestation in the year 1982. Amitraz is the predominant compound used in Algeria to control V. destructor, its constant application has caused the appearance of resistant mite populations to this product in several parts of the world. This study was conducted to detect the possible existence of populations of resistant mites to Amitraz in Algeria. To determine the mites mortality percentage to the Amitraz, they were exposed to a trips of 2.5 x 1.0 cm. Varroa mortality in apiaries treated with Amitraz was 39.23%, lower than the 87.40% mortality obtained in apiaries that only received an alternative treatment. A significant difference (P>0.05) was found between two mortality of Varroa. Our results indicate a possible occurrence of Varroa resistance to Amitraz. The introduction of integrated programs for resistance management is required.Item Prevalence of acariosis in honeybee colonies of Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria(2018) Adjlane, Noureddine; Cherifi, Assia Habbi; Haddad, Nizar; Baz, AhcenThis study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of acariosis in honeybee colonies of Apis mellifera intermissa in Algeria. To this end, samples of bee colonies of the Apis mellifera intermissa race were taken from the brood frames for assessment of acariosis induced by Acarapis woodi in five provinces in Algeria viz., Tizi Ouzou, Blida, Boumerdès, Algiers, and Bouira. A sample of 100 to 150 bees spread over three to five colonies for each apiary was observed. Presence of this parasite was examined using laboratory and microscopic methods that entailed dissecting the thoraxes of the bees to expose their tracheas. Each trachea was examined under a microscope. In the case of the infected bees, the mites appear as small oval bodies attached to the transparent walls of the tracheas. According to the examination and analysis results, two cases of acariosis were observed in two colonies in the same apiary in the province of Boumerdès. In Bouira province, only one colony infested by the mite was found. Meantime, no single case of acariosis was detected in the provinces of Blida, Algiers, and Tizi Ouzou. These results indicate low prevalence of this disease in Algeria. For the infected apiaries, there is so far no 100% effective treatment for acariosis. Once this disease is present in the apiary, the beekeeper must control its development at a level that will not affect the health of the colonyItem Human head lice and pubic lice reveal the presence of several Acinetobacter species in Algiers, Algeria(Elsevier, 2017) Manaa, Nassima; Louni, Meriem; Parola, Philippe; Bitam, IdirThere are two majorspecies of medically important lice that parasitize humans: Phthirus pubis, found in pubic hair, and Pediculus humanus. Pediculus humanus consists of two eco types that live in specific niches on the human host: body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus), found on the human body and clothing, and head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis), found on the scalp. To date, only body lice are known to be vectors of human disease; however, it has recently been reported that the DNA of several bacterial agents has been detected in head lice, raising questions about their role in the transmission of pathogens. This issue caught our attention, in addition to the fact that the pathogenic bacteria associated with P. pubis and P. humanus capitis have never been investigated in Algeria. To investigate this,molecular techniques (real-time PCR) were used to screen for the presence of Acinetobacter spp., Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp. and Rickettsia prowazekii DNA from P. humanus capitis (64 lice) collected from schoolchildren,and P. pubis (4 lice),collected from one adultman living in Algiers. Positive samples for Acinetobacter spp.were identified by sequencing therpoBgene. Conventional PCR targeting the partial Cytb gene was used to determine the phylogenetic clade of the collected lice. Of the 64 samples collected, Acinetobacter spp. DNA was detected in 17/64 (27%) of head lice, identified as: A. baumannii (14%), A. johnsonii (11%) and A. variabilis (2%). Of the four P. pubissamples, 2(50%) were positive for A. johnsonii. The phylogenetic tree based on the Cytb gene revealed that P. humanus capitis were grouped into clades A and B. In this study, we report andidentify for the first time Acinetobacter spp.in Algerian P. pubis and P. humanus capitis. The detection of the genus Acinetobacter in lice should not be underestimated, especially in P. humanus capitis, which is distributed worldwide. However, additional epidemiological data are required to determine if human lice may act as an environmental reservoir and are actively involved in the propagation of these bacteria to humans