Biodegradation of diclofenac by activated sludge and ‎membrane bioreactor-a review

Abstract

Diclofenac (DCF) is a pharmaceutical residue of therapeutic ‎class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory which is often detected in ‎the wastewater treatment plants (influent and effluent) and surface ‎waters. This review focuses its elimination by biodegradation with ‎activated sludge (CAS) or bioreactor membrane (MBR) in which ‎microorganisms plays a key role in the elimination of diclofenac ‎and in which a lot of factors can affect the efficiency of the ‎removal as physicochemical properties of diclofenac, sludge ‎retention time (SRT), temperature, pH, redox conditions and ‎sludge characteristics.The objective of this study was to describe a ‎review of the literature by recent publications on the ‎biodegradation of diclofenac. We inspect the performance of ‎biodegradation using biological process technology by activated ‎sludge and membrane bioreactor in the elimination of diclofenac