An efficient numerical technique for a biological population model of fractional order

Abstract

In the present paper, a biological population model of fractional order (FBPM) with one carrying capacity has been examined with the help of reproducing kernel Hilbert space method (RKHSM). This important fractional model arises in many applications in computational biology. It is worth noting that, the considered FBPM is used to provide the changes that is made on the densities of the predator and prey populations by the fractional derivative. The technique employed to construct new numerical solutions for the FBPM which is considered of a system of two nonlinear fractional ordinary differential equations (FODEs). In the proposed investigation, the utilised fractional derivative is the Caputo derivative. The most valuable advantages of the RKHSM is that it is easily and fast implemented method. The solution methodology is based on the use of two important Hilbert spaces, as well as on the construction of a normal basis through the use of Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process. We illustrate the high competency and capacity of the suggested approach through the convergence analysis. The computational results, which are compared with the homotopy perturbation Sumudu transform method (HPSTM), clearly show: On the one hand, the effect of the fractional derivative in the obtained outcomes, and on the other hand, the great agreement between the mentioned methods, also the superior performance of the RKHSM. The numerical computational are presented in illustrated graphically to show the variations of the predator and prey populations for various fractional order derivatives and with respect to time.