Long-Term Evolution (LTE) Coverage Dimensioning and Planning with Atoll Software

Abstract

In Algeria, all the subscribers of LTE technology complain of the poor services provided by the three operators. Most of the bad reviews are concerning the lack of coverage in some areas particularly in rural regions, and the weak internet speed. For this purpose, the project studies LTE coverage planning within a small area in the metropolitan center of Oran city (26.81 km²) using Atoll software. The aim is to plan the LTE radio access network as a new operator in order to ensure reliable and efficient 4G coverage. The project consists of four fundamental RF planning phases: dimensioning, nominal planning, detailed planning, and optimization.

The dimensioning phase is gathering crucial information, such as the area's characteristics (morphology), LTE frequency band in Algeria, eNodeB design inputs, and operator targets. This data is utilized in estimating the theoretical signal path (cell range) using suitable propagation model, then determining the required site density to cover the area effectively.

The nominal planning phase is performed on Atoll software to configure the eNodeB sites based on the gathered inputs and place them on the map. The sites are accurately located on the map, considering an optimal inter-site distance.

The detailed planning focuses on neighbor planning, PCI planning, PRACH planning, and frequency planning pattern 1. These steps aim to mitigate interference and maintain a high- quality signal. The optimization step using Atoll software involves adjusting the tilt and azimuth of antennas to enhance network performance. Finally, to evaluate the success of the design in achieving total coverage with a high-quality signal level, four types of coverage predictions are performed (RSRP, signal strength, overlapping zones, and C/I+N) Keywords: LTE, E-UTRAN, eNodeB, Radio Frequency (RF) planning, coverage, PCI planning, RSRP, interference, Atoll.