Performance Enhancement of an LADRC Controller Using LDOB-Based Observers for PMSMs in Electric Vehicles: An Experimental Validation

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are progressively acknowledged globally for their capacity to mitigate environmental challenges, improve energy efficiency, decrease emissions, and foster sustainable mobility. Efficient speed adjustment of the electric tri-drive system in electric vehicles, commonly employing permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), is essential for improving system efficiency. This manuscript introduces a novel finite-control-set model predictive current control (FCS-MPC) method, specifically model predictive current control (MPCC) combined with a linear active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) for speed control. Unlike traditional LADRC based on a linear extended state observer (LESO), the proposed LADRC integrates a linear disturbance observer (LDOB). The LADRC-LDOB enhances precision, improves response speed, eliminates overshoot during speed changes, and offers greater robustness against external disturbances and parametric uncertainties compared to the LESO-LADRC. Furthermore, the LDOB employs a sophisticated metaheuristic technique, the Harris Hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm, to optimize the observer gain. The performance of the proposed controller is numerically simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and experimentally validated on a control system platform based on dSPACE DS1104. The proposed control improves the PMSM control system by eliminating overshoot, demonstrating significant robustness, and effectively managing external disturbances and parametric uncertainties, as both simulation and experimental results show