Characterization and Chemometrics Based-Approach to Classify Some Algerian Blossom Honeys

Abstract

Physicochemical characterization of 82 Algerian honeys, collected between 2005 and 2010, from different botanical and geographical origins were analyzed. The studied parameters were: water content, pH, free acidity (FA), electrical conductivity (EC), ash content, hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde (HMF), proline content, specific rotatory power and color. Most of the measured parameters had showed values in the range of the international standards, with a particular richness in proline and ash content. Chemometrics-based approach reveals that the discriminated groups were Citrus, Ziziphus and forest even with over represented groups like Eucalyptus. Principle component analysis (PCA) enabled to extract three principal components explaining nearly 65% of total variance, PC1 and PC2 were related to botanical origin whereas PC3 to honey age. Analysis of variance showed that the studied variables were almost different depending on botanical, geographical origin and season. The current study also shows the presence of diverse honey varieties in Algeria. The collected data will contribute to the creation of products with protected geographical or/and botanical origins.