A simplified integrated asset model for predicting liquid loading in gas wells with aquifer water influx

Abstract

This study presents a simplified Integrated Asset Model (IAM) specifically designed to address critical challenges in water management within hydrocarbon production systems, particularly the dynamic interaction between gas production and aquifer water influx. By focusing on the mechanisms that lead to liquid loading, often triggered by encroaching formation water, the model offers a novel approach to managing subsurface multiphase flow. The IAM integrates key components of inflow performance (IPR), tubing performance (TPR), aquifer and material balance equations within a pseudo-transient framework to simulate the well’s response to water-induced liquid accumulation. An advanced mechanistic multiphase wellbore model monitors important parameters such as liquid holdup, mixture density, flow regime transitions, and dimensionless Reynolds (Re) and Weber (We) numbers. The pseudo-transient nodal analysis iteratively updates these properties, allowing the model to capture the transient behavior in the presence of aquifer drive. The Firefly metaheuristic algorithm is employed to optimize system performance by identifying the equilibrium point at the bottomhole. The model reveals that slug flow at the bottomhole is a strong indicator of incipient liquid loading, thereby facilitating earlier detection and intervention. This approach enhances both the detection and prediction of liquid loading, improving water control strategies, gas lift planning, and production scheduling. Sensitivity analysis further shows that aquifer volume, compressibility, and productivity index (J) significantly promotes liquid accumulation. By accurately simulating the onset and behavior of liquid loading under aquifer support, this work contributes a valuable tool for proactive water management, optimized deliquification planning, and sustained well productivity in gas fields