Power
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Item LoT-Based battery monitoring system for improving microgrid management(Université M'hamed Bougara Boumerdès: Institue de génie electronic et electric, 2024) Sendelzereg, Houssem; Harchaoui, Yahia; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)The notable increase in renewable energy sources has initiated a shift in power generation grids and spurred the development of new grid systems, such as smart grids and microgrids. However, these systems require advanced management and monitoring solutions to ensure efficient operation. This project investigates the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into various aspects of a microgrid’s functionality. The main objective is to design a system that improves the reliability and efficiency of battery monitoring systems through an IoT-based data acquisition scheme. The study starts with an overview of recent and conventional grid technologies, emphasizing the benefits, features, and limitations of each grid type. It then transitions to analyzing the role of IoT technology in modern smart grids and microgrids, following a multi-faceted approach to various systems and grid-related concepts. This report presents an approach to integrating IoT into one of the main elements of microgrids: battery monitoring. The findings contribute to a more autonomous and user-friendly system with a simpler schematic compared to wire dependent systems that are more frequently subjected to environmental errors, enhanced by the ease of use of wireless communication. The proposed system is designed and implemented via simulation after a thorough comparison of each device comprising the system (Microcontroller, sensors…etc). The framework utilizes a set of sensors and algorithms to extract and process the required data. The results are analyzed, demonstrating a significant improvement in response time and efficiency of data acquisition compared to standard systems.Item Design and implementation of automatic voltage regulator(2023) Mansour, Mohamed; Mezali, Mohamed Amine; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)This project presents the design of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) implemented on ATmega microcontroller. Voltage regulation is a critical aspect of electronic systems, ensuring stable and reliable operation. Thus, it overcomes both undervoltage and over- voltage issues. The objective of this work is to develop a cost-effective and efficient AVR solution based on open-source hardware and software. The methodology involves the integration of the ATmega kit with voltage sensing and control circuits to achieve au- tomatic regulation. The implemented AVR system successfully monitored and adjusted the output voltage within predefined limits .Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the design in maintaining voltage stability under varying load conditions. The AVR exhibited an average voltage deviation of less than 5% from the desired setpoint. Moreover, the project discusses the limitations faced during the implementation and proposes potential enhancements for future cycles, such as incorporating advanced control algorithms for improved performance. This project serves as a foundation for further research and practical applications in the fiel do fvoltage regulation using Arduino-based platforms.Item Simulation and implementation of MPPT techniques in a PV system(2023) Dahili, Hamza; Kherra, Oussama; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor); Bendib, BoualemSolar power,a clean renewable resource with zero emission unlike the fossil generated electricity and has a tremendous potential of energy which can be harvested using solar panels to be available for industrial and domestic use .The extraction of maximum power with changing environmental conditions is one of the significant concerns with photovoltaic(PV) systems,therefore using MPPT techniques is essential to keep the extracted power as close as possible to the maximum power .This report presents a comparative study between maxi- mum power point tracking (MPPT) methods in Matlab/Simulink program that are perturb-and- observe, incremental conductance ,fractional short circuit current and fractional open circuit voltage . Starting by designing a Pv system and sizing all the necessary components to build the buck converter circuit that is used as an interface to charge a lead acid battery .The control of the system is established by the MPPT techniques at different solar-radiation and temperature levels . Finally the simulations result are presented.Item Design and implementation of PV panel characterization platform(2021) Habes, Ahmed; Amara, Ayoub; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)Solar power contribution in producing energy has been increasing rapidly due to the negative impact of rising carbon emissions. Considerable growth of photovoltaic technology installations have been noticed around the world. However, this technology suffers major concerns regarding the efficiency and reliability of system generation. Solar panels' lifespan and efficiency decline over time due to the environment conditions, thereby affecting its main parameters. Weather factors like irradiance and temperature have a direct impact on the overall generation system efficiency and its functionality period. Many attempts have been made in order to interpret the electrical behavior of solar panels module to observe the performance under natural conditions. For monitoring these weather conditions that may affect the main parameters of PV panel, we have developed a new platform frame work using Labview, Ardouino and MOSFET to obtain the current-voltage (I-V) and P-V curves automatically. This platform aids to characterize quickly a solar panel with high accuracy and precision in measurement of its dynamic parameters. The new developed platform uses PC associated with the Arduino to acquire the values of current and voltage from the solar panel under test and store the data for the objective of full analysis of its characteristics under different environmental conditions.Item Optimal sizing and allocation of static var compensator in power network(2020) Megari, Mouhsen Elbachir; Hadjersi, Azzeddine; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)The power system transformation brings new challenges and opportunities due to changes and uncertainties in electricity consumption and generation. High integration of intermittent solar and wind generation requires fast ramping resources to satisfy the growing demand, triggered by the electri?cation of the transportation sector.A smart grid has also emerged as one of the solutions to the technical issues, hence allowing the usage of renewable and improving the energy efficiency of the electrical grid. The challenge is to develop an intelligent management system to maintain the balance between generation and demand. As part of the smart grid, the deployment of energy storage systems (ESS) and the Static Var compensator (SVC) plays a critical role in stabilizing the voltage and frequency of the networks with renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EV). In recent years, many voltage instability incidents have occurred in power systems, the main cause of the voltage instability is the reactive power limit of the system. Flexible Alternative Current transmission systems (FACTS) devices can play a very important role in preventing voltage instability. SVC as a FACTS device can significantly provide continuous voltage control under various operating conditions. In this context, this report proposes a new algorithm to find the optimal location and size of SVC controllers in order to increase the voltage security of power systems during large disturbances. The optimal location and size of SVC are determined based on the sensitivity of the voltage magnitude dV/dQ. The simulated tests were made using a model of an IEEE 9-bus power network to see the positive impacts of a well implemented SVCs.Item Study and testing of the directional phase overcurrent protection relay and the RCA's impact on its performance and directional decision making(2020) Bouhadda, Wafa Imene; Chikhi, Belynda; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)This thesis presents a background on power system protection devices, relay principles, modern relay technology and relay testing. It focuses on the study of the directional phase overcurrent relaying concept that can be briefly explained by the relay tripping whenever the faulted current exceeds a pre-determined pick up value in a specific predefined direction, in order to isolate only the faulted part of the network. This reliable and selective protection is generally used in multisource networks, parallel transmission lines and mesh distribution networks. It is mainly characterized by its Maximum Torque Angle and Relay Characteristic Angle (RCA) also known as the directional angle as it decides the direction of the tripping zone. The variation of the RCA setting has a direct impact on the sensitivity operation of the relay (45 degrees' maximum sensitivity operation for any type of fault). Tests have been performed on The Four Step Directional Phase Overcurrent Protection Function of the Line Distance Protection REL670 ABB IED numerical relay. In one hand, the 51/67 ANSI protection has been tested and results were discussed in order to make a simplified testing guide for this protection. In the other hand, different cases of RCA settings were evaluated under symmetrical and asymmetrical fault types to showcase that the 45 degrees' angle is the best applicable value for a maximum sensitivity.Item Techno-economic feasibility study of a photovoltaic grid-connected system installation in Algerian Petroleum Institute (IAP)(2020) Bouchebbat, Zakia; Ben Amrouche, Kenza; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)This study presents a techno-economic feasibility evaluation for an installationof a fixed panel, grid-connected photovoltaic energy conversion system to be mounted on the rooftop of the Algerian Petroleum Institute “IAP”, Boumerdes, Algeria. By means of calculation and software simulation methods, this study was conducted to evaluate the technical and economic aspects of supplying the institute’s electricity needs.Item Design and implementation of an overhead fault passage indicator for medium voltage network(Université M’Hamed BOUGARA de Boumerdes : Institut de génie electrique et electronique (IGEE), 2020) Kheliouen, Mustapha; Lakhdari, Ahmed Mounir; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)Fault Passage Indicators (FPIs) (also called FCIs: Faulted Circuit Indicators) have been under development for the last 70 years including new capabilities to satisfy the needs of the Distribution Network Operators. For overhead lines, the FPI hangs on the conductor between two poles, where the FPI mechanical support is also part of the sensor. In underground cables, the FPI surrounds the conductor and the insulation (without the shield) and is allocated mostly in the MV/LV substation. The device itself mainly contains the sensor, the controller for processing the data, the indication means, a reset interface and a system to power the device. Therefore, the FPI are designed to be compact and easy to install. The FPI normally includes a visual indication of the fault (a LED, a flag, etc.). The recent developed one includes more circuits such as memory and communication facility. In this work, Fault Passage Indicator has been implemented first in PC using Matlab- Simulink, then tested using Power System Simulink Model under several operating and fault conditions.Item Design and implementation of numerical differential relay(2019) Benbrik, Amir; Guernouti, Rachid; Bentarzi, Hamid (supervisor)Differential protection is one of the principal power system protection elements. This widely used protection technique is concerned only with internal faults. It is a very sensitive technique that detects nonzero differential current and it consequently isolate the protected element. Moreover, differential relays are extremely fast. A failed element can be taken out of service in less than a cycle. However, some external abnormal conditions can be similar to internal faults and make the differential relay detects a nonzero differential current, resulting in an unnecessary tripping of the circuit breaker. In this project, an improved algorithm of a power transformer numerical differential relay has been proposed, implemented and simulated. The hybrid technique used to distinguish between the internal fault and the other unnecessary operating conditions is based on a combination of three performant techniques: Dual slope percentage differential characteristic method, even (second and fourth) harmonic restraint and odd (fifth) harmonic blocking. The behavior of the presented relay has been tested versus various situations such as transformer energization with inrush current, internal fault, external fault and transformer energization with an existing fault. The obtained results show that the implemented algorithm provides good result in term of security, dependability and speed.