Institut de Génie Electrique et d'Electronique

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    Integration of DGA Interpretation Methods in Matlab GUI for Enhanced Power Transformer Fault Diagnostics
    (2024) MECHEREF, Rania; BOUCHAHDANE, Mohamed (supervisor)
    Power transformers are essential components in electrical power systems, responsible for the efficie nttransmission and distribution of electricity. Ensuring the irreliability is critical for maintaining uninterrupted power supply and overall system stability. One of the most effective techniques for monitoring transformer health is Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA), which detects early signs of faults such as overheating, partial discharges, and arcing by analyzing gases dissolved in transformer oil. Interpreting DGA results, however, can be complex and requires significan texpertise .Traditional methods, including the Key Gas Method, Doernenburg Ratio Method, Rogers Ratio Method, IEC Ratio Analysis, and Duval Triangle Method, each have their own strengths and limitations, making manual application time-consuming and prone to errors. This thesis addresses these challenges by developing a MATLAB-based Graphical User Interface (GUI) that integrates multiple DGA interpretation methods. The primary goal is to create a user-friendly tool that automates the analysis process, making it more accessible to maintenance personnel and improving diagnostic accuracy. By applying this tool to real-world transformer data, the thesis demonstrates its effectiveness in identifying and diagnosing faults ,there by enhancing the reliability of transformer maintenance practices.
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    Effect of Polarization Mode Dispersion on Pulse Propagation in Optical Fiber Links
    (Université M’Hamed bougara : Institute de Ginie électric et électronic, 2023) Hamraoui, Yanis; Hamiche, Youcef; Zitouni, Abdelkader(Supervisor)
    Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) remains one of the main sources for signal distortion in fiber optics to this day. This project focuses on studying the effects of PMD on optical signals using the Optisystem software.To investigate the impact of the different orders of PMD, we isolated the first and second order effects by manipulating specific parameters in the PMD emulator. We tried different methods to mitigate the dispersion effects associated with first order PMD. Additionally, we explored the impact of second order PMD in the presence of PCD. Lastly, we evaluated the effects of PMD in a real-world fiber environment while employing compensation techniques for both chromatic dispersion and PMD. The simulation results were analyzed using BER analyzers, oscilloscope visualizers and eye-diagrams. We have tested the PMD effects at three transmission bit rates (2.5 Gbps, 10 Gbps and 40 Gbps), while also varying different PMD emulator parameters (DGD, polarization rate, length, dispersion and attenuation). We have found that the first order PMD can cause detrimental pulse splitting of the signal, but it can be almost completely negated by either the PST or optical delay compensation method. As for second order effects, it can cause serious degradation of the signal at high bit rates, especially when paired with PCD. Finally, we have seen how CD and attenuation cause serious degradation to the signal. Using the FBG method alongside the PST method to compensate for PMD, CD and PCD gave satisfying outcomes resulting in a low BER signal and a high Quality factor .These obtained results were presented as tables, figures and graphs.
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    Big data compression
    (2022) Boulkhiout, Mouaad; Hafri, Adel; Sadouki, Leila (Supervisor)
    In order to make data storage more effective and to use up less storage space, data can be compressed. Additionally, data compression helps speed up the transmission of data exchange. Currently, a variety of techniques can be employed to data compression Moreover, the outcomes and approaches of each treatment vary. The comparison of data compression will be covered in this essay. We present a detailed analysis of Five separate algorithms, Shannon-Fano, Run-Length Encoding, the Huffman Algorithm, the LZW Algorithm, and the DELTA Algorithm. To address these issues, there is a growing need for greater data compression and communication theory research. Such study addresses the needs of fast data transfer through networks. This study focuses on deep learning analysis of the most widely used picture compression methods.
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    Modeling and control of autonomous quadrotor
    (2020) Belatreche, Ramzi; Boushaki, Razika (supervisor)
    This project discusses the development of detailed mathematical model for specific type of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which has Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) ability, known as quadcopter. Mathematical model of quadrotor in state space form is derived; it utilizes Newton and Euler equations for three-dimensional motions. This mathematical model is nonlinear and accurate enough including the aerodynamic effects and rotor dynamics. Quadrotor dynamics can be divided into two subsystems; translational subsystem and rotational subsystem. Translational subsystem is an under actuated system as it depends on roll, pitch, yaw angles and the translational state variables. The rotational subsystem is fully-actuated and only depends on the rotational states. Then development of a nonlinear control approache to control the attitude and position of the quadrotor in space is discussed. A Sliding Mode Controller is designed to control the roll angle, pitch angle, yaw angle, altitude and positions. Simulation results after implementation SMC controller on MATLAB/Simulink are presented.
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    Control and simulation of an electric vehicle's traction chain based on interior permanent magnet synchronous motor IPMS
    (2021) Mokrani, Asma; Oussad, Linda; Ammar, Abdelkarim (Supervisor)
    In this work, the concepts of electric vehicles EVs and their traction system is introduced. First by looking to their history, types and different motors used for EVs. Then to go deeply in EV's powertrain, a system main component's modelling (motor, inverter, battery) must be done, where the IPMSM which is the most used motor in EVs applications was chosen. For the inverter , pulse width modulation PWM was first modelled and simulated then because of harmonics problems it was replaced by SVPWM. In a complete agreement the Lithium-ion batteries are the EVs most used battery and this because of their small size, besides many other advantages. Now the next step is to control the modelled traction system for this purpose Indirect Field Oriented control IFOC method was used and since in every control technique there is always a primary control objective combined with a secondary combine objective, the main purpose was to control the angular speed of the motor, then the second objective set is to regulate the flow of current hence, MTPA was integrated to the control system. In order to implement a more robust , nonlinear and chattering free control method , IFOC was replace by a Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control STSMC . As a final improvement to the system a DC-DC converter was added
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    FPGA assisted 3D iso-surface extraction
    (2016) Koussa, Amira; Kanoune, Amel; Namane, Rachid (superviseur)
    Extracting Iso-surfaces from large 3D medical images is a very time consuming task. In this work we investigate if this process can be accelerated using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). A CPU-based isosurface extractor system has been implemented in several works using different approaches. One of the techniques by which we are interested is a modified Dividing Cubes algorithm based on an incremental search strategy for generating all points of the desired iso surface. This method involves a lot of iterative arithmetic calculations. We aim to use the FPGA to offload expensive, re-occurring calculations from the CPU by performing them on the FPGA and then transferring back the results to the computer before visualizing the generated 3D surface.
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    FPGA based VGA controller and arcade games
    (2016) Lakhdari, Zineb; Elkhabazi, Hayet; Benzekri, A. (Supervisor)
    This report describes the design and implementation of an FPGA-based VGA controller and arcade games. The hardware modules are developed in the Very High Speed Hardware Description Language (VHDL) and implemented onto the FPGA of the low-cost DE2 board. As a standard interface, Video Graphic Array VGA has been widely used. The system displays on the VGA monitor a menu which consists of two games (pong & breakout games), where the user is able to choose any one of them. The first game is a two player game, they are controlling paddles to punch a moving ball to the opponent's side. Whereas the second game is a one player game, in which he controls a moving paddle to bounce the ball trying to destroy all the bricks that are situated on the top of screen. During the course of this project we added some modifications such as the adjustment of the paddles and ball’s speed, yet the text generation like the score of players, the menu selection. The results show that the proposed algorithms give good performance with short processing time, low resource utilization, small power consumption and memory usage. Because the data can be sent directly to monitors, the design improve system reliability in real time and save hardware resource.
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    Protective relaying system for education
    (2018) Adrouche, Adel; Bentarzi, Hamid( Supervisor)
    A rapidly growing in power industry requires more reliable operation of power supply that increases complexity of power systems. For attaining this aim new communication solutions and an increased focus on protection may be needed. The power engineering department at IGEE has proposed advanced power systems initiatives to better prepare its students for the power industry field. One of these initiatives is the development of a new laboratory curriculum that uses digital relays to reinforce the fundamental concepts of power system protection. The simple relay protection lab planned at IGEE should include a test bench with distance, over-current and differential relays, and a relay tester that may be used for applying simulated waveforms to the relays. This project proposes a laboratory protection system fulfilling this task. It presents background on power system protection, modern relay technology, and relay testing, to support the design and practical setup of the protective relaying system. The report includes a theoretical part describing the components of power system protection, their function, and attributes in order to understand better the importance of power system protection. Three chapters covering the principles of protective relaying functions relevant to the lab are included. They cover the theory of overcurrent, differential and distance protection.Modeling and simulation can help students to better understand how a relay reacts during a fault or other non-fault disturbances. New design models of overcurrent and differential relay have been implemented in PC using power system simulator PSCAD. Proposals of lab assignments that can be performed in the protective relaying laboratory are presented at the end, using the designed models and the protective equipment available at the institute and donated for the purpose of this work.
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    Design and implementation of industrial uninterruptible power supply
    (2018) Midoun, Mohammed Laid; Boudraa, Abdelouahab; Metidji, Brahim ( Supervisor)
    Providing a steady flow of power is important for mission-critical electrical loads. Slight variations in the voltage may cause these loads to fail in a way that back-up generators cannot quickly respond to. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems provide a nearly instantaneous solution to these power quality problems. Designing and implementing a UPS system was the main objective of this project. Many modern UPS systems are power electronics systems composed of an online double-conversion rectifier-inverter, a battery management system, and a set of bypass systems. For this project, a Vienna rectifier and three level inverter double-conversion topology was selected for its simplicity and high efficiency. The design topology was implemented using Matlab/Simulink software in order to demonstrate a proof of concept for the UPS system. As an extension of this project, additional work was done in an attempt to physically realize the system. Prototype hardware and software were developed and tested.
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    FPGA-Based real-time video processing framework
    (2016) Bekka, Larbi; Tayeb Cherif, Nassim; Maache, Ahmed (Supervisor)
    FPGAs are widely used in academic and corporate research, they are more than a good fit when it comes to real-time embedded image/video processing due to their flexibility and the parallelism they offer which is one of the needed features in image processing algo-rithms. The aim of this project is to build a framework for real-time embedded image/video pro-cessing on FPGAs for academic research in our institute. This report presents a background in image processing and the hardware platform used and discusses the parts of the accomplished work. In this part of the project, we designed and implemented hardware modules in Verilog HDL that perform low level image processing operations and image data acquisition. These mod-ules are an intensity calculator, a Sobel filter, a Laplacian filter, a gradient calculator, a mean filter, and a scalable 3-line buffer. An SRAM frame buffer was also designed and implemented where a single frame is saved for later retrieval. These modules were implemented and tested on an Altera DE2 board. The images were captured by a Sony DSC-W120 digital camera (an off-the-shelf camera) and streamed to the board in NTSC video format.