heoretical foundations, device design, and MATLAB implementation of pan-tompkins algorithm

Abstract

This thesis explores the electrocardiogram (ECG) as a tool for monitoring cardiac electrical activity and detecting arrhythmias. It begins with the structure and physiology of the heart, focusing on electrical impulse generation and conduction. The principles of electrocardiography and waveform interpretation are explained using the standard 12-lead system. The study reviews ECG device types and their clinical relevance. System architecture is detailed, covering electrodes, amplifiers, filters, and analog-to-digital converters. A major focus is placed on digital signal processing using the Pan–Tompkins algorithm. Each stage of the algorithm is implemented and tested in MATLAB, with validation performed using the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. An internship at Thenia Hospital provided hands-on experience with ECG devices and data collection. This exposure supported practical understanding of ECG signal behavior and interpretation in clinical settings