Enquête phytosanitaire sur l'utilisation des pesticides (herbicides) en culture Maraîchère dans la région de Zemmouri

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge and practices of market gardeners in the municipality of Zemmouri, wilaya of Boumerdes with regard to the use of pesticides. Methodology and Results: A survey was carried out among 30 market gardeners. The questionnaire focused on the pesticides used, the dose applied, the preparation of the pesticide solutions, the frequency of application, the protection of market gardeners during the use of pesticides, the time before harvest (DAR), the management of packaging. pesticides and the socio-professional characteristics of market gardeners. The results showed that market gardening is 100% practiced by men, and mainly concerns the cultivation of fruit vegetables (tomato, pepper and zucchini). 4 synthetic chemical herbicides are used, Focus Ultra, Metrozin 70 WP, Fusilade and Matrixone. Market gardeners A pesticide is usually mixed and applied all at once using a sprayer. The dosage of pesticides and the DAR are respected by 93.33% of market gardeners. The majority of market gardeners have not received training on pesticides (90%), do not protect themselves adequately while using pesticides (70%) and half incinerate or abandon the packaging of pesticides in the field. Symptoms reported by farmers following the use of pesticides are the most frequently experienced skin reactions (46.67%), nausea (33.33%), stinging eyes and discomfort. Conclusion and applications of the results: Zemmouri market gardeners generally do not have a good knowledge of pesticides. Systematic application of pesticides without appropriate protective clothing puts them in regular contact with pesticides and exposes them to poisoning problems. Lack of control over the dosage of pesticides can increase the risk of pest and pathogen resistance to pesticides. In order to reduce the risk of intoxication of market gardeners and vegetable consumers, and of environmental pollution, it is urgent a