Mémoires de Master 2

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    Etude Ethnopharmacologique des plantes médicinales spontanées au niveau de la région de Boumerdes
    (UNIVERSITE M’HAMED BOUGARA - BOUMERDES, 2019) BENALI, LOUANCHI; DARTERKI, Soumia
    Les études ethnobotaniques présentent un moyen très pertinent dans l’inventaire floristique des plantes médicinales. Pour cette raison nous avons effectué une enquête ethnobotanique auprès de la population locale de la région de Boumerdes, à l’aide de 300 fiches questionnaires. L’analyse statistique des données obtenues a permis d’inventorier 166 espèces végétales réparties sur 64 familles botaniques, dominées par les Lamiacées (18,75%), les Myrtacées (8.92%) et les Asteracées (8.42%). Notre étude a révélé que le savoir thérapeutique est très largement répandu chez la tranche d’âge de [30-50]ans avec un taux de 136% suivie par celle de [50-70] ans et [10-30] ans avec des taux respectifs de 87% et 58%. Par rapport à l’utilisation des plantes par sexe, nos résultats révèlent que les femmes sont les plus concernées avec un taux de 178% contre 122% chez les hommes. De plus, ces mêmes résultats démontrent que le niveau secondaire est le plus représentatif avec un taux de 103% suivi par le niveau universitaire (88%) et primaire (58%). Notre enquête a montré aussi que, les plantes médicinales spontanées dominent (154.5%) par rapport aux plantes cultivées (101.75%) et importées (43.75%). La plupart d’elles sont récoltées durant toute l’année (106.25%). Les résultats concernant les parties de plantes utilisées montrent, que le feuillage est la partie la plus utilisée de la plante (151%) suivie par les fruits (36.5%) et les graines (34.53%). Les résultats indiqués pour le mode de préparation des remèdes le plus dominant est la décoction (120.5%) suivie de l’infusion et le jus qui comptent respectivement (68.5%) et (24.5%). Ces remèdes restent très appréciés dans le traitement de diverses maladies notamment l’appareil digestif (34.41%), respiratoires (18,08%), dermatologiques (11.83%), circulatoire (10.75%), et génital (6.5%). L’analyse phytochimique a révélé que les deux plantes sont trés riches en polyphénols, glucosides, saponosides, sucres réducteur, et moyennement riches en flavonoïdes, et absence des tanins catéchiques, les anthocyanes, les caroténoïdes, irridoides, protéines, stéroles et polytérpenes, amidon et les lipides. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le rendement en composés phénoliques diffère selon le solvant utilisé et que l’Acétone est le meilleur solvant qui représente le rendement le plus élevé (48.5%) par rapport au Myrtus communis et (47%) par rapport à Rhamnus alaternus. L’analyse de l’effet antioxydant des trois extraits a montré une augmentation du pouvoir réducteur dans les extraits d’éthanol avec un pourcentage d’inhibition. Le plus élevé pour le Myrtus communis (3.84mgEAA/g) et 2.69mgEAA/g pour le Rhamnus alaternus.
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    FPGA assisted 3D iso-surface extraction
    (2016) Koussa, Amira; Kanoune, Amel; Namane, Rachid (superviseur)
    Extracting Iso-surfaces from large 3D medical images is a very time consuming task. In this work we investigate if this process can be accelerated using a field programmable gate array (FPGA). A CPU-based isosurface extractor system has been implemented in several works using different approaches. One of the techniques by which we are interested is a modified Dividing Cubes algorithm based on an incremental search strategy for generating all points of the desired iso surface. This method involves a lot of iterative arithmetic calculations. We aim to use the FPGA to offload expensive, re-occurring calculations from the CPU by performing them on the FPGA and then transferring back the results to the computer before visualizing the generated 3D surface.
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    FPGA based VGA controller and arcade games
    (2016) Lakhdari, Zineb; Elkhabazi, Hayet; Benzekri, A. (Supervisor)
    This report describes the design and implementation of an FPGA-based VGA controller and arcade games. The hardware modules are developed in the Very High Speed Hardware Description Language (VHDL) and implemented onto the FPGA of the low-cost DE2 board. As a standard interface, Video Graphic Array VGA has been widely used. The system displays on the VGA monitor a menu which consists of two games (pong & breakout games), where the user is able to choose any one of them. The first game is a two player game, they are controlling paddles to punch a moving ball to the opponent's side. Whereas the second game is a one player game, in which he controls a moving paddle to bounce the ball trying to destroy all the bricks that are situated on the top of screen. During the course of this project we added some modifications such as the adjustment of the paddles and ball’s speed, yet the text generation like the score of players, the menu selection. The results show that the proposed algorithms give good performance with short processing time, low resource utilization, small power consumption and memory usage. Because the data can be sent directly to monitors, the design improve system reliability in real time and save hardware resource.
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    Étude des déclenchements du compresseur "End Flash Gaz"
    (Université M’Hamed Bougara Boumerdès : Faculté des Hydrocarbures et de la Chimie, 2018) Behri, Yazid; Slimi, Mâamar
    Ce mémoire est dédié à l’étude des problèmes rencontrés lors de l’exploitation du compresseur "End flash gaz", qui est un compresseur permettant de récupérer "hélium" et "azote" de la chaine de liquéfaction et de les comprimer afin de maintenir l’unité fuel gaz sous pression, lors de son exploitation au complexe "GL3Z" ce compresseur a connu quelques problèmes qui provoquent inévitablement son déclenchement et par conséquent peut influencer sur le maintien sous pression de l’unité "14". C'est dans ce contexte que s'inscrit le thème de ce mémoire "Etude des déclenchements du compresseur end flash gaz", Ces améliorations consistent à apporter des changements "Software" au niveau du "DCS" et "VSDS" afin de réduire les occurrences de déclenchement de ces compresseurs en apportant les modifications suivantes: augmenter le seuil de déclenchement par courant très haut en exploitant la marge de sécurité du constructeur; modification de la boucle "15-PIC-0032" en y ajoutant d’autres paramètres afin de permettre à la vanne "15-PV-0032" de réagir à temps avant la surcharge d’un compresseur; modification de la mise en marche des compresseurs en optant pour un démarrage en plusieurs phases plutôt qu’une accélération continue; une attention particulière va être aussi portée sur le système numérique "CCC" qui a une part très importante dans la mise en marche de ces compresseurs.
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    Protective relaying system for education
    (2018) Adrouche, Adel; Bentarzi, Hamid( Supervisor)
    A rapidly growing in power industry requires more reliable operation of power supply that increases complexity of power systems. For attaining this aim new communication solutions and an increased focus on protection may be needed. The power engineering department at IGEE has proposed advanced power systems initiatives to better prepare its students for the power industry field. One of these initiatives is the development of a new laboratory curriculum that uses digital relays to reinforce the fundamental concepts of power system protection. The simple relay protection lab planned at IGEE should include a test bench with distance, over-current and differential relays, and a relay tester that may be used for applying simulated waveforms to the relays. This project proposes a laboratory protection system fulfilling this task. It presents background on power system protection, modern relay technology, and relay testing, to support the design and practical setup of the protective relaying system. The report includes a theoretical part describing the components of power system protection, their function, and attributes in order to understand better the importance of power system protection. Three chapters covering the principles of protective relaying functions relevant to the lab are included. They cover the theory of overcurrent, differential and distance protection.Modeling and simulation can help students to better understand how a relay reacts during a fault or other non-fault disturbances. New design models of overcurrent and differential relay have been implemented in PC using power system simulator PSCAD. Proposals of lab assignments that can be performed in the protective relaying laboratory are presented at the end, using the designed models and the protective equipment available at the institute and donated for the purpose of this work.
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    Design and implementation of industrial uninterruptible power supply
    (2018) Midoun, Mohammed Laid; Boudraa, Abdelouahab; Metidji, Brahim ( Supervisor)
    Providing a steady flow of power is important for mission-critical electrical loads. Slight variations in the voltage may cause these loads to fail in a way that back-up generators cannot quickly respond to. Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems provide a nearly instantaneous solution to these power quality problems. Designing and implementing a UPS system was the main objective of this project. Many modern UPS systems are power electronics systems composed of an online double-conversion rectifier-inverter, a battery management system, and a set of bypass systems. For this project, a Vienna rectifier and three level inverter double-conversion topology was selected for its simplicity and high efficiency. The design topology was implemented using Matlab/Simulink software in order to demonstrate a proof of concept for the UPS system. As an extension of this project, additional work was done in an attempt to physically realize the system. Prototype hardware and software were developed and tested.
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    FPGA-Based real-time video processing framework
    (2016) Bekka, Larbi; Tayeb Cherif, Nassim; Maache, Ahmed (Supervisor)
    FPGAs are widely used in academic and corporate research, they are more than a good fit when it comes to real-time embedded image/video processing due to their flexibility and the parallelism they offer which is one of the needed features in image processing algo-rithms. The aim of this project is to build a framework for real-time embedded image/video pro-cessing on FPGAs for academic research in our institute. This report presents a background in image processing and the hardware platform used and discusses the parts of the accomplished work. In this part of the project, we designed and implemented hardware modules in Verilog HDL that perform low level image processing operations and image data acquisition. These mod-ules are an intensity calculator, a Sobel filter, a Laplacian filter, a gradient calculator, a mean filter, and a scalable 3-line buffer. An SRAM frame buffer was also designed and implemented where a single frame is saved for later retrieval. These modules were implemented and tested on an Altera DE2 board. The images were captured by a Sony DSC-W120 digital camera (an off-the-shelf camera) and streamed to the board in NTSC video format.
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    Remote control of an SoPC-Based self-parking car
    (2016) Abdi, Yasmine; Ounnoughi, Amira; Benzekri, K. (supervisor)
    This report describes the design process of a remote control SoPC-based self-parking car. The remote control operations are done using an Android application running on a Smartphone and communicating with the digital controller via Bluetooth wireless technology. Distance measurements are obtained from Infrared sensors disposed on the car. The car performs three parking modes namely: parallel, perpendicular and reverse parking. The approach used to design the digital controller is the system-on-programmable-chip (SoPC) technique. This latter integrates a Nios II soft core processor, intellectual property (IP) cores and custom logic components designed in VHDL, all in the same chip. In addition to remotely controlling the system, the Android application serves as a graphical user interface (GUI), allowing the user to follow the operations of the ongoing parking mode performed by the car. The digital controller developed with Altera Quartus II 9.1 sp2 Web Edition software development suite tools is realized on a Cyclone-II EP2C35F672C6 FPGA platform to verify its feasibility and functionality. Additional hardware circuitry of the system is implemented on a Protoboard.
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    Quadcopter drone design and implementation for human tracking
    (2018) Ferhat Hamida, Elhadi; Fatah, Nour Imene; Belaidi, Hadjira Supervisor
    Quadcopter is basically a flying vehicle with four electric motors and four propellers. When compared to other flying vehicles, the quad, as well as other multi rotors, comes with the most stable platform, all thanks to its different design. This is why they are perfect for aerial surveilla nce and filming. In this project, a quadrotor drone will be designed and implemented basing on Raspberry microprocessor system. The drone will carry a camera which allows the drone to track a desired person. Once the target is reached, a feedback indicating the position of that person will be sent to a PC wirelessly.
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    Fabrication d’un biodiesel à partir des huiles végétales usagées
    (Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdès: Faculté de Technologie, 2018) Mimouni, Asmaa; Seghir, Fahima; Ben Bouabdallah, Amina(Promoteur)
    L’épuisement de ressources pétrolières, la cherté et la fluctuation quasi-permanente du prix du baril de pétrole, la diversification de sources d'approvisionnement en énergie…, ont amené les chercheurs et les scientifiques à s'intéresser à d'autres sources d'énergies comme les biocarburants. Les biocarburants sont des carburants écologiques renouvelables, obtenus grâce à la transformation des matières grasses animales et végétales. Ils sont classés en tant que ressource idéale, non toxique et renouvelable, substituant avantageusement le Diesel conventionnel. La synthèse de biodiesel par transestérification des huiles végétale usagées a été réalisée dans cette étude. L'étude de quelque propriétés physique-chimique de l'huile et biodiesel obtenus a été également effectuée, en fin de cette étude une comparaison de nos résultats avec la norme Européen, nous a montré que notre biodiesel a des propriétés très proches avec ceux cité dans les normes